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ERA-Interim | ERA5 | |
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Period covered | 1979 - present | 1950 - present |
Production Period | August 2006 – 31st August 2019 | Jan 2016 – end 2017, then continued in near real-time |
Assimilation system | IFS Cycle 31r2 4D-Var | IFS Cycle 41r2 4D-Var |
Spatial resolution | 79 km globally, 60 levels to 0.1 hPa | 31 km globally, 62km for the Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA), 137 levels to 0.01 hPa |
Output frequency (temporal resolution) | 6-hourly analysis fields Forecast fields on surface and pressure levels 3-hourly up to 24 hours, with reduced frequency up to 10 days | Hourly analysis fields, 3-hourly for the Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA) Hourly forecast fields, 3-hourly for the Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA), up to 18 hours, with reduced frequency up to 10 days (not in initial release) |
Uncertainty estimates | None | From a 10-member Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA) at 63 km resolution |
Model input | As in operations (inconsistent SST) | Appropriate for climate (e.g. CMIP5 greenhouse gases, volcanic eruptions, SST and sea-ice cover) |
Input observations | As in ERA-40 and from Global Telecommunication System | In addition, various newly reprocessed datasets and recent instruments that could not be ingested in ERA-Interim |
Variational bias scheme | Satellite radiances | Also ozone, aircraft and surface pressure data |
Satellite data | RTTOV-7, clear-sky, 1D-VAR rainy radiances | RTTOV-11, all-sky for various components |
New parameters | ERA-Interim contains about 100 parameters on surface and single level alone, plus parameters on other level types. | ERA5 contains over 240 parameters on surface and single level alone, plus parameters on other level types. For specific parameters please compare the technical documentation linked below. |
Parameters removed | A few parameters present in ERA-Interim are not available in ERA5. For availability of specific parameters please see the technical documentation linked below. | |
Handling of accumulated parameters | Accumulated from the beginning of the forecast | Accumulated from previous post-processing |
Product main page | http://www.ecmwf.int/en/research/climate-reanalysis/era-interim | http://climate.copernicus.eu/climate-reanalysis |
Technical documentation | Berrisford et al 2011: The ERA-Interim archive Version 2.0 | ERA5 data documentation |
Additional innovations | Long-term evolution of CO2 in RTTOV, cell-pressure correction SSU, improved bias correction for radiosondes, EDA perturbations for sea-ice cover |
Info | ||
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This document has been produced in the context of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).The activities leading to these results have been contracted by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, operator of C3S on behalf of the European Union (Delegation agreement signed on 11/11/2014). All information in this document is provided "as is" and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose.The user thereof uses the information at its sole risk and liability. For the avoidance of all doubts, the European Commission and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts has no liability in respect of this document, which is merely representing the authors view. |
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