Overview
This section documents and provides learning resources about the different CEMS-Flood data formats and structures.
CEMS-Flood data are available in the following formats:GRIB(2) and NetCDF(4) formats.
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GRIB2
GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form is a common data format used in meteorology and standardised by the World Meteorological Organisation.
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<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions: (step: 2, y: 950, x: 1000)
Coordinates:
number int64 ...
time datetime64[ns] ...
* step (step) timedelta64[ns] 00:00:00 06:00:00
surface int64 ...
valid_time (step) datetime64[ns] ...
Dimensions without coordinates: y, x
Data variables:
dis06 (step, y, x) float32 ... |
NetCDF4
The Network Common Data Format (NetCDF), is a machine-independent data format widely used in the scientific community to store array-oriented multi-dimensional data. CEMS-Flood datasets are conformant with the version 4 data model (NetCDF-4) and Version 1.7 of the CF convention.
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dimensions:
time = 4 ;
y = 950 ;
x = 1000 ;
variables:
int64 time(time) ;
time:long_name = "initial time of forecast" ;
time:standard_name = "forecast_reference_time" ;
time:units = "seconds since 1970-01-01" ;
time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ;
double step ;
step:_FillValue = NaN ;
step:long_name = "time since forecast_reference_time" ;
step:standard_name = "forecast_period" ;
step:units = "hours" ;
double surface ;
surface:_FillValue = NaN ;
surface:long_name = "original GRIB coordinate for key: level(surface)" ;
surface:units = "1" ;
double valid_time(time) ;
valid_time:_FillValue = NaN ;
valid_time:standard_name = "time" ;
valid_time:long_name = "time" ;
valid_time:units = "seconds since 1970-01-01" ;
valid_time:calendar = "proleptic_gregorian" ;
float dis06(time, y, x) ;
dis06:_FillValue = NaNf ;
dis06:GRIB_paramId = 240023LL ;
dis06:GRIB_dataType = "sfo" ;
dis06:GRIB_numberOfPoints = 950000LL ;
dis06:GRIB_typeOfLevel = "surface" ;
dis06:GRIB_stepUnits = 1LL ;
dis06:GRIB_stepType = "avg" ;
dis06:GRIB_gridType = "lambert_azimuthal_equal_area" ;
dis06:GRIB_NV = 0LL ;
dis06:GRIB_cfName = "unknown" ;
dis06:GRIB_cfVarName = "dis06" ;
dis06:GRIB_gridDefinitionDescription = "Lambert azimuthal equal area projection " ;
dis06:GRIB_missingValue = 9999LL ;
dis06:GRIB_name = "Mean discharge in the last 6 hours" ;
dis06:GRIB_shortName = "dis06" ;
dis06:GRIB_units = "m**3 s**-1" ;
dis06:long_name = "Mean discharge in the last 6 hours" ;
dis06:units = "m**3 s**-1" ;
dis06:standard_name = "unknown" ;
dis06:coordinates = "time step surface valid_time" ;
// global attributes:
:GRIB_edition = 2LL ;
:GRIB_centre = "ecmf" ;
:GRIB_centreDescription = "European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts" ;
:GRIB_subCentre = 0LL ;
:Conventions = "CF-1.7" ;
:institution = "European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts" ;
:history = "2021-11-23T10:25 GRIB to CDM+CF via cfgrib-0.9.9.0/ecCodes-2.23.0 with {\"source\": \"adaptor.mars.external-1637662774.2155154-5073-2-b5af81a6-2574-467a-81e4-8ad529c6fd1e.grib\", \"filter_by_keys\": {}, \"encode_cf\": [\"parameter\", \"time\", \"geography\", \"vertical\"]}" ;
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Availability of CEMS-Flood data formats
GRIB2 is the official supported format, however, NetCDF4 is also supported for some of the datasets (see Table 1). More information on the two formats can be found in the GRIB2 and NetCDF4 sections.
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| Service Provider | Dataset | Format |
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EFAS | Historical | GRIB2 and NetCDF4 |
| Forecast | GRIB2 and NetCDF4 | |
| Reforecast | GRIB2 and NetCDF4 | |
| Seasonal | GRIB2 and NetCDF4 | |
| Seasonal Reforecast | GRIB2 and NetCDF4 | |
| Upstream area | NetCDF4 | |
Elevation (Digital Elevation Model) | NetCDF4 | |
| Soil depth | NetCDF4 | |
| Field capacity | NetCDF4 | |
| Wilting point | NetCDF4 | |
| GloFAS | Historical | GRIB2 |
| Forecast | GRIB2 and NetCDF4 | |
| Reforecast | GRIB2 | |
| Seasonal | GRIB2 | |
| Seasonal Reforecast | GRIB2 | |
| Upstream area | NetCDF4 | |
| Elevation (Digitial Elevation Model) | NetCDF4 |
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CEMS-Floods grids
CEMS-Flood has two services for different spatial domains, EFAS (for Europe) and GloFAS (for the world), each consisting of:
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