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Both hindcasts and forecasts of SF systems are markedly affected by bias. In mid-latitudes, mean error commonly ranges from ±4° for temperature, ±3 m/s for wind and up to 5 mm/day for total precipitation (see figure below). Raw bias maps and time series plots are available for all initialization months, models and variables on the CDS's public partition:
/data/public/C3S_ENERGY/SEAS/<CLIM<clim,ENER>ener>/<EC<ec,MOmo,MF>mf>/<variables>/FIG/*mean_error_ H_raw_1993-2016_*
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Figure 13: Raw mean bias for TA (K, METO SY14), TP (mm/day, ECMW SY05) and WS (10m, m/s, MTFR SY07). Initialization on November, validity Dec-Feb.
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