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Table 1: Main variables and note on adjustments Anchor table1 table1
Origin | Variable | Units | Time period for | Time period for | Base line period for | Adjustments |
ERA5 | 0-7cm volumetric soil moisture | m3m-3 | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | Yes, see here |
ERA5 | Total precipitation | m day-1 | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | No |
ERA5 | Sea-ice cover | (0 - 1) | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | No |
ERA5 | Surface air relative humidity | % | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | No |
ERA5 | Surface air temperature | K | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | Yes, see here |
ERA-Interim | 0-7cm volumetric soil moisture | m3m-3 | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | Yes, see here |
ERA-Interim | Total precipitation | m day-1 | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | No |
ERA-Interim | Sea-ice cover | (0 - 1) | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | No |
ERA-Interim | Surface air relative humidity | % | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | Yes, see here |
ERA-Interim | Surface air temperature | K | 1979 - present | 1979 - present | 1981-2010 | Yes, see here |
ERA5
Surface air temperature Anchor era5surftempadj era5surftempadj
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Table 2: Information about GRIB codes, version numbers and differences between version numbers.
Origin | Variable | GRIB | Grid | Version number | Difference between v01 | Difference between |
ERA5 | 0-7cm volumetric soil moisture | 39 | .25/.25 | v02 | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed | |
ERA5 | Total precipitation | 228 | .25/.25 | v02 | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed | |
ERA5 | Sea-ice cover | 31 | .25/.25 | v02 | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed | |
ERA5 | Surface air relative humidity | 157 | .25/.25 | v02 | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed | |
ERA5 | Surface air temperature | 167 | .25/.25 | v02 | Reprocessing adjustment over Great Lakes only, updated interpolation package for regridding to regular grid.* 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed | |
ERA-Interim | 0-7cm volumetric soil moisture | 39 | .25/.25 | v02/v03 | Applied masking over sea, ice sheets and deserts; | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed |
ERA-Interim | Total precipitation | 228 | .25/.25 | v02/v03 | Grid changed to regular | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed |
ERA-Interim | Sea-ice cover | 31 | .25/.25 | v02/v03 | Grid changed to .25/.25 | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed |
ERA-Interim | Surface air | 157 | .25/.25 | v02/v03 | Grid changed to regular; GRIB code changed | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed |
ERA-Interim | Surface air temperature | 167 | .25/.25 | v02/03 | Adjustments over ice-free seas applied; GRIB code changed | 12 m running mean statistics reprocessed |
Known issues
- Update from v01 to v02 of ERA5 surface air temperature:
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The outdated and new maps of hydrological variables for Europe for October highlight the main difference between the dataset containing the erroneous values and the new one based on the consolidated ERA5. The issue is very apparent in Central Asia in the soil moisture maps and, to some extent, for the other variables too.
| Old erroneous | New corrected |
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Figure 1: Anomalies in precipitation, the relative humidity of surface air, the volumetric moisture content of the top 7 cm of soil and surface air temperature for October 2021 with respect to October averages for the period 1991-2020. The darker grey shading denotes where soil moisture is not shown due to ice cover or climatologically low precipitation. Data source: Left ERA5T (erroneous), Right: ERA5 consolidated (new & corrected) Credit: Copernicus Climate Change Service/ECMWF.
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Table 3: Original erroneous and the new corrected versions of data and graphics.Anchor table3 table3
| September | October | November | December | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Old erroneous | Zip-file of data and graphics (1981-2010, 1991-2020) | Zip-file of data and graphics (1981-2010, 1991-2020) | ||
| New corrected graphics and time-series data | September monthly summary | November monthly summary | December monthly summary | |
| Corrected spatial data available in the CDS entry? | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Date of correction | 07/01/2022 | 07/01/2022 | 07/01/2022 | 02/02/2022 |
- Incomplete retrieval of ERA5 during DHS move affecting RH used in the Climate bulletin
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Table 4: Original erroneous and the new corrected versions of data and graphics. Anchor table4 table4
| September | October |
Old erroneous | ||
New corrected graphics and time-series data | September monthly summary | October monthly summary |
Corrected spatial data available in the CDS entry? | yes | yes |
Date of correction | 22/12/2022 | 22/12/2022 |
| Anchor | ||||
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Philippe Lopez 2013: Experimental 4D-Var Assimilation of SYNOP Rain Gauge Data at ECMWF, https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-12-00024.1 
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This document has been produced in the context of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). The activities leading to these results have been contracted by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, operator of C3S on behalf of the European Union (Delegation agreement Agreement signed on 11/11/2014 and Contribution Agreement signed on 22/07/2021). All information in this document is provided "as is" and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The users thereof use the information at their sole risk and liability. For the avoidance of all doubt , the European Commission and the European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts have no liability in respect of this document, which is merely representing the author's view. |
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