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Stratiform cloud processes and precipitation
The IFS Stratiform (or Large-scale) Cloud scheme has five prognostic cloud variables plus water vapour (yellow boxes in Fig2A.1.5.3-1). Changes of state or precipitation development is represented by various microphysical processes. Large scale water processes develop precipitation. Separate cloud ice and cloud water variables allow the representation of supercooled liquid water and mixed-phase processes. These are commonly observed in clouds. All cloud and precipitation variables are advected by the wind.
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Convective precipitation is not treated in the same way (see convective cloud process and precipitation).
Fig2A.1.5.3-1: Schematic of processes and interactions within the stratiform cloud scheme. Precipitation is only produced as rain or snow. Precipitation from stratiform cloud is referred to as "large-scale" precipitation.
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