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Climagrams
Climagrams show the distributions of area average anomalies for broad-scale indices (e.g. sea temperatures across a region, teleconnection indices, standard 'monsoon' indices, etc.). They are produced for a number of defined areas across the globe (Fig.8.3.4.2-1, Fig.8.3.4.2-2).
Climagram areas
Fig8.3.4.2-1: Areas used for 2m temperature and rainfall anomaly climagrams.
Fig8.3.4.2-2: Areas used for sea surface temperature anomaly climagrams.
Climagram explanation
The climagram shows the range of anomalies of the forecast monthly mean values of several forecast variables in box and whisker format. These may be directly compared with seasonal model climate (shorter S-M-climate) and reanalysis climatology.
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- the limits of the purple and grey whiskers and the limits of the yellow band correspond to the 5th and 95th percentiles.
- the limits of the purple and grey boxes and the limits of the orange band correspond to the lower and upper terciles,
- the lines within the purple and grey boxes and the red line within the orange band correspond to median values.
Climagram examples
Fig8.3.4.2-3: Sea surface temperature anomaly over the Western Tropical Indian Ocean area.
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Red dots are verification values from observations.
Fig8.3.4.2-4: Sea surface temperature anomaly over the Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean area.
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Red dots are verification values from observations.
Fig8.3.4.2-5: Sea surface temperature anomaly over the Nino 3.4 area.
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The red dots show the observed anomalies.
Fig8.3.4.2-6: North Atlantic Oscillation. Positive values correspond to an intensification of westerly winds over the North Atlantic.
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The red dots show the observed anomalies.
Fig8.3.4.2-7: Precipitation anomaly over southern Europe.
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- above the model climate values in October, November and December suggesting a wetter spell.
- below the model climate values in February suggesting drier weather.
Fig8.3.4.2-8: Temperature anomaly over Northern Europe.
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The red dots show the observed anomalies. The observed anomaly September lies above the seasonal forecast, the reanalysis climatology and the seasonal model climatology (shorter S-M-climate).
Fig8.3.4.2-9: Precipitation anomaly over Southern Europe.
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