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ERA-Interim | ERA5 | |
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Period covered | 1979 - present | 1950 - present |
Production Period | August 2006 – end 2018 | Jan 2016 – end 2017, then continued in near real-time |
Assimilation system | IFS Cycle 31r2 4D-Var | IFS Cycle 41r2 4D-Var |
Spatial resolution | 79 km globally, 60 levels to 0.1 hPa | 31 km globally, 62km for the Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA), 137 levels to 0.01 hPa |
Output frequency (temporal resolution) | 6-hourly analysis fields Forecast fields on surface and pressure levels 3-hourly up to 24 hours, with reduced frequency up to 10 days | Hourly analysis fields, 3-hourly forecast fieldsfor the Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA) Hourly analysis andforecast fields, 3-hourly for the Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA), up to 18 hours, with reduced frequency up to 10 days (not in initial release) |
Uncertainty estimates | None | From a 10-member Ensemble of Data Assimilations (EDA) at 63 km resolution |
Model input | As in operations (inconsistent SST) | Appropriate for climate (e.g. CMIP5 greenhouse gases, volcanic eruptions, SST and sea-ice cover) |
Input observations | As in ERA-40 and from Global Telecommunication System | In addition, various newly reprocessed datasets and recent instruments that could not be ingested in ERA-Interim |
Variational bias scheme | Satellite radiances | Also ozone, aircraft and surface pressure data |
Satellite data | RTTOV-7, clear-sky, 1D-VAR rainy radiances | RTTOV-11, all-sky for various components |
New parameters | ERA-Interim contains about 100 parameters on surface and single level alone, plus parameters on other level types. | ERA5 contains over 240 parameters on surface and single level alone, plus parameters on other level types. For specific parameters please compare the technical documentation linked below. |
Parameters removed | A few parameters present in ERA-Interim are not available in ERA5. For availability of specific parameters please see the technical documentation linked below. | |
Handling of accumulated parameters | Accumulated from the beginning of the forecast | Accumulated from previous post-processing |
Product main page | http://www.ecmwf.int/en/research/climate-reanalysis/era-interim | http://climate.copernicus.eu/climate-reanalysis |
Technical documentation | Berrisford et al 2011: The ERA-Interim archive Version 2.0 | ERA5 data documentation |
Additional innovations | Long-term evolution of CO2 in RTTOV, cell-pressure correction SSU, improved bias correction for radiosondes, EDA perturbations for sea-ice cover |
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