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• a set of re-forecasts using the same calendar start dates for each of the last 20 years.
• nine consecutive re-forecasts (covering a 5-week period), the .  The middle one of which corresponds to the preceding Monday or Thursday that is closest to the actual ensemble run date.
• each re-forecast is from an 11-member ensemble (1 control and 10 perturbed members) run over the 15-day ensemble forecast period.

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Limitation of twice weekly updates to M-climate

M-climate is updated twice per week on Mondays per weaken Mondays and Thursdays.  So M-climate quantile plots for the for the same lead-verifying time from two forecast runs on e.g. straddling the M-climate update will be slightly different.  So, for example, the quantile plots for forecast runs on 00UTC Thursday and 00UTC Friday will not be slightly different.  This exactly the same.  However, this limitation of twice weekly updates to the M-climate can be significant.   It  It can be particularly evident in spring and autumn when mean temperatures are changing most rapidly day by day.

Different reference periods for M-Climate and ER-M-Climate

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