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A total of 26 indicators are provided, covering the global land area at the spatial resolution of 0.5°x0.5° lat-lon grid. For many indicators a dekad1resolution is used, a unit often used in agricultural sciences that allows aggregation of (summable) indicators to varying growing seasons and crop phenological phases around the world, more precisely than a monthly resolution would. A brief review of the agroclimatic indicators provided by C3S global agrilculture SIS is given in tables below:
DATA DESCRIPTION | |
Horizontal coverage | Global |
Horizontal resolution | 0.5° x 0.5° |
Temporal coverage | 1951 to 2099 |
Temporal resolution | Dekad (10 daily) Seasonal |
Seasonal | netCDF-4 |
Yearly | Grid |
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MAIN VALRIABLES | ||
Variable | Description | Units |
CDD | Maximum number of consecutive dry days (Drought spell) | day |
CFD | Maximum number of consecutive frost days (Cold spell) | day |
CSDI | Cold-spell duration index | day |
WSDI | Warm-spell duration index | day |
CSU | Maximum number of consecutive summer days (Hot spell) | day |
CWD | Maximum number of consecutive wet days (Wet spell) | day |
WW | Warm and wet days | day |
DTR | Mean of diurnal temperature range | °C |
BEDD | Biologically Effective Degree Days | °C |
GSL | Growing Season Length | day |
FD | Frost Days | day |
ID | Ice Days | day |
R10mm | Heavy precipitation days | day |
R20mm | Very heavy precipitation days | day |
RR | Precipitation sum | mm |
RR1 | Wet Days | day |
SDII | Simple daily intensity index | mm |
SU | Summer days | day |
TG | Mean of daily mean temperature | K |
TN | Mean of daily minimum temperature | K |
TNn | Minimum value of the daily minimum Temperature | K |
TNx | Maximum value of the daily minimum temperature | K |
TR | Tropical nights | day |
TX | Mean of daily maximum temperature | K |
TXn | Minimum value of daily maximum temperature | K |
TXx | Maximum value of daily maximum temperature | K |
From this list the following indicators: CDD, CFD, CSDI , WSDI, CSU, CWD have a seasonal resolution, and the GSL has an annual resolution. All others have dekadal resolution.
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Acronym | Description | Application |
| Maximum number of consecutive dry days | Drought monitoring, drought damage indicator |
| Maximum number of consecutive frost days |
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CSDI | Cold-spell duration index | Provides information on reduced |
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| Provide an indication concerning the occurrence of heat stress on reduced |
| Maximum number of consecutive summer days | Provides information on |
| Maximum number of consecutive wet days | Provides information on drought/oxygen stress/ crop growth (i.e. less radiation interception during rainy |
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| Provide an indication of occurrence of various pests insects and especially fungi Provides an indication concerning the crop development, especially leave formation. |
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| Provides information on climate variability and change. Also serves as the proxy for information on the clarity |
BEDD*) | Biologically Effective Degree Days | Determines crop development stages/rates. Crop development will decelerate/accelerate below and above certain threshold temperatures. |
GSL | Growing Season Length | Provides an indication whether a crop or a combination of crops can be sown and subsequently reach maturity within a |
FD | Frost Days | Provides information on frost damage |
ID | Ice Days | Provides information on frost damage |
R10mm | Heavy precipitation days | Provides information on crop damage |
R20mm | Very heavy precipitation days | Provides information on crop damage |
RR | Precipitation sum | Provides information on possible water shortage or excess. |
RR1 | Wet Days | Provides information on intercepted |
SDII | Simple daily intensity index | Provides information on possible run off |
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| Provide an indication concerning the occurrence of heat stress. Also base for crop specific variants for heat/cold |
TG | Mean of daily mean temperature | Provides information on long-term |
TN | Mean of daily minimum temperature | Provides information on long-term |
TNn | Minimum value of the daily minimum Temperature | Provides information on long-term climate variability and change |
TNx | Maximum value of the daily | Provides information on long-term |
TR | Tropical nights | Provide an indication of occurrence of |
TX | Mean of daily maximum temperature | Provides information on long-term climate variability and change |
TXn | Minimum value of daily maximum | Provides information on long-term |
TXx | Maximum value of daily maximum | Provides information on long-term |
*) these indicators have been pre-calculated for the range of threshold temperatures
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Climate Model | Scenario | ||||
Historical | rcp26 | rcp45 | rcp60 | rcp85 | |
GFDL-ESM2M | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
HadGEM2-ES | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
IPSL-CM5A-LR | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
MIROC-ESM-CHEM | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
NorESM1-M | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
Agroclimatic indicators have been pre-calculated for this complete matrix of GCM/RCP combinations.
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For further documentation on the origin and processing of these data see Global Agriculture SIS Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD) document.
The following variables can be accessed through the Toolbox:
Variable | Description |
area_rs_h | harvested area, rainfed, subsistence |
area_rs_p | physical area, rainfed, subsistence |
area_rh_h | harvested area, rainfed, high input |
area_rh_p | physical area, rainfed, high input |
area_rl_h | harvested area, rainfed, low input |
area_rl_p | physical area, rainfed, low input |
area_ir_h | harvested area, irrigated |
area_ir_p | physical area, irrigated |
sow_a | average sowing/planting dekad |
sow_e | early sowing/planting dekad |
sow_l | late sowing/planting dekad |
har_a | average harvest dekad |
har_e | early harvest dekad |
har_l | late harvest dekad |
tsumEA | temperature sum from emergence to anthesis |
tsumAM | temperature sum from anthesis to maturity |
tsumEM | temperature sum from emergence to maturity |
ME1*) | mega environment 1 |
... | mega environment n |
ME8/12 | mega environment 12 for wheat, mega environment 8 for maize |
*) only provided for wheat and maize; definition of each mega environments in terms of climatic constraints differ per crop; see ATBD document.
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Weedon, G.P., Balsamo, G., Bellouin, N., Gomes, S., Best, M.J. and Viterbo, P., 2014. The WFDEI meteorological forcing data set: WATCH Forcing Data methodology applied to ERA‐Interim reanalysis data. Water Resources Research, 50(9), pp.7505-7514.
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This document has been produced in the context of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). The activities leading to these results have been contracted by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, operator of C3S on behalf of the European Union (Delegation agreement Agreement signed on 11/11/2014 and Contribution Agreement signed on 22/07/2021). All information in this document is provided "as is" and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The users thereof use the information at their sole risk and liability. For the avoidance of all doubt , the European Commission and the European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts have no liability in respect of this document, which is merely representing the author's view. |
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