...
|
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Fig. 4 Zonal mean eastward wind (ms-1) of the final ERA5 HRES product (contours) and zonal mean eastward wind difference (ms-1) for the final ERA5 HRES product minus the warm up (colours), for October to December 2009. The vertical coordinate is pressure of the model levels. | Fig. 5 Zonal mean zonal eastward wind (ms-1) of the final ERA-Interim product (contours) and zonal mean eastward wind difference (ms-1) for the final ERA-Interim product minus the warm up (colours), for October to December 2009. The vertical coordinate is pressure of the model levels. | Fig. 6 Zonal mean eastward wind (ms-1) of the ERA5 EDA control (contours) and zonal mean ERA5 EDA ensemble spread of eastward wind (ms-1) (colours), for September to November 2009. The vertical coordinate is pressure of the model levels. |
Fig. 4 shows the ERA5 zonal mean zonal wind (contours) and difference between the final product and the warm up (colours). In the troposphere and lower stratosphere, between 1000 hPa and 10 hPa, the only region with differences greater than 0.2 ms-1 is a latitudinally confined region near the equator, above about 50 hPa, where the differences of alternating sign are no larger than about 1 ms-1. From the mid-stratosphere to the stratopause (from 10 hPa to 1 hPa), the equatorial differences are slightly larger, with a larger latitudinal extent. However, in the mesosphere (from 1 hPa to 0.01 hPa), the differences are much larger, with peak values greater than 50 ms-1 near the equator at about 0.1 hPa and values greater than 2 ms-1 are widespread.
The equatorial differences in zonal wind in ERA-Interim in the lower stratosphere (Fig. 5) are smaller than those in ERA5, though above in the mid to upper stratosphere, the differences are somewhat larger than those in ERA5. In the mesosphere, the differences in ERA-Interim are much smaller than those in ERA5. The spread in the wind in the ERA5 10 member ensemble (Fig. 6) is generally below 2 ms-1 except at low latitudes above about 0.2 hPa, where values can exceed 5 ms-1.
|
|
|---|---|
| Fig. 7 Zonal mean specific humidity (log kg kg-1) of the final ERA5 HRES product (contours) and zonal mean specific humidity difference (%) for the final ERA5 HRES product minus the warm up (colours), for October to December 2009. The vertical coordinate is pressure of the model levels. | Fig. 8 Zonal mean ozone (log kg kg-1) of the final ERA5 HRES product (contours) and zonal mean ozone difference (%) for the final ERA5 HRES product minus the warm up (colours), for October to December 2009. The vertical coordinate is pressure of the model levels.Fig. 8 |
The ERA5 transition differences for specific humidity (Fig. 7) are generally below 5 %, apart from at low latitudes in the mesosphere above 0.05 hPa, where differences exceed 10 %. The transition differences for ozone (Fig. 8) are generally below 5 % in the troposphere and stratosphere, except for a few small regions, the most marked being the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) of the tropics and Southern Hemisphere. However, the ozone differences are large in the mesosphere in the polar regions, where differences exceed 20 % or even 50 %.
...