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Concatenation of forecasts to derive a field at 12 local time everywhere. The discontinuity line represents the change of date. The stripes are taken from the forecast times specified at the bottom.
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ECMWF has developed a new interpolation method that involves performing a weighted average between the two closest timesteps. The graphical explanation below illustrates how these two methods are implemented. When extracting the time series of two locations, 1 and 2, near a change in time, the 24-hour forecast provides the diurnal time for temperature (used here as an example) at those points. If our interest lies in the temperature value at 12 local time, it would be the prediction value at 12 UTC for point 1 and 15 UTC for point 2, assuming a 3-hour resolution forecast. The use of different forecasts creates a discontinuity in the fields, as depicted in the map. In contrast, the new method interpolates for both points between the values at 12 UTC and 15 UTC by weighing the two temperatures based on their proximity to any available forecast. This new method yields a much closer agreement with the real diurnal cycle and eliminates the boundary artifacts depicted earlier.
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