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- Forecast User Guide
- Section 1 Introduction
- Section 2 The ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System - IFS
- Section 2.1 Global Atmospheric Model
- Section 2.1.1 Model structure
- Section 2.1.2 Model configurations
- Section 2.1.3 Representation of geographical features
- Section 2.1.4 Modelling surface energy fluxes
- Section 2.1.4.1 Modelling land surfaces - HTESSEL
- Section 2.1.4.2 Modelling lake and coastal waters - FLake
- Section 2.1.4.3 Modelling ocean surfaces
- Section 2.1.4.4 Modelling snow structure
- Section 2.1.4.5 Modelling soil structure
- Section 2.1.4.6 Modelling albedo
- Section 2.1.4.7 Modelling vegetation. Leaf area index
- Section 2.1.4.8 Water-surface temperature and ice concentration
- Section 2.1.4.9 Assimilation and modelling 2m temperature
- Section 2.1.5 Atmospheric physics
- Section 2.1.6 Machine Learning models
- Section 2.2 Ocean Wave Model - ECWAM
- Section 2.3 Dynamic Ocean Model - NEMO
- Section 2.4 Atmospheric Model Data Sources
- Section 2.5 Model Data Assimilation, 4D-Var
- Section 2.6 The Continuing Sequence of Analyses
- Section 2.1 Global Atmospheric Model
- Section 3 Availability and Interpolation of NWP output
- Section 4 NWP Evolution versus Reality
- Section 5 Forecast Ensemble (ENS) - Rationale and Construction
- Section 6 Using Deterministic and Probabilistic Forecasts
- Section 7 ENS Products - Dealing with Uncertainty
- Section 8 ENS products - What they are and how to use them
- Section 9 Physical considerations when interpreting model output
- Section 10 Interfaces for displaying Model Output
- Section 11 Conclusion
- Section 12 Annexes