This dataset contains modelled daily data from the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) of fire danger using weather forecast from historical simulations provided by ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis. The fire danger model used to produce the dataset is publicly available Global ECMWF Fire forecast model (GEFF, https://git.ecmwf.int/projects/CEMSF/repos/geff/browse). GEFF implements daily predictions of fire danger conditions based on the U.S. Forest Service National Fire-Danger Rating System (NFDRS), the Canadian Forest Service Fire Weather Index Rating System (FWI), and the Australian McArthur (Mark 5) rating systems. For every one of the three models several variables are provided for the period covered by ECMWF System 5 . The dataset is continued in time as System 5 weather forcings become available. However this is not a real time service and for any real time application the users should refer to EFFIS web site
Fire danger variables descriptions
The Canadian Forest Service Fire Weather Index Rating System (FWI)
[Adapted from: INTERPRETING THE CANADIAN FOREST FIRE WEATHER INDEX (FWI) SYSTEM By William J. De Groot av. at http://www.dnr.state.mi.us/WWW/FMD/WEATHER/Reference/FWI_Background.pdf ] The FWI System is comprised of six components (see fig 1 ): three fuel moisture codes and three fire behavior indexes. Each component has its own scale of relative values. Even though the scales for the six components are different, all are structured so that a high value indicates more severe burning conditions. The FWI System uses temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and 24-hr precipitation values measured at noon Local Standard Time (LST). These values are used to predict the peak burning conditions, assuming that the measured weather parameters follow a normal diurnal pattern.
The FWI System evaluates fuel moisture content and relative fire behavior using the past and present effect of weather on forest floor fuels. The three moisture codes represent the fuel moisture content of three classes of forest floor fuels in the “standard” mature pine stand (Fig. 2). The moisture codes calculate the net effect of a daily drying and wetting phase, similar to a bookkeeping system of moisture losses and additions.