Contributors: José Manuel Gutiérrez (CSIC), Antonio Cofiño (CSIC), Javier Díez (CSIC), Daniel San Martín (Predictia), Sergio Natal (Predictia), Max Tuni (Predictia)

Issued by: CSIC

Date: 29/9/2022

Ref: C3S2_D381.1.1.1_202208_dataset-v1_v4

Official reference number service contract: 2022/C3S2_381 _CSIC/SC1

Table of Contents

1. Introduction

The IPCC Interactive Atlas (IPCC-IA, http://interactive-atlas.ipcc.ch) is an innovation of the Working Group I contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) supporting the assessment done in the chapters, the Technical Summary (TS) and the Summary for Policy Makers (SPM)1. The IPCC-IA allows flexible (but limited) spatial and temporal analyses of key authoritative climate change products used in IPCC the report (such as maps, time series, annual cycle plots, or global warming level plots, including uncertainty information) for a number of key atmospheric and oceanic variables and indices2. These products were computed from both global (CMIP5 and CMIP6) and regional (CORDEX) projections –used as complementary lines of evidence in the AR6 report– for a range of emissions scenarios across predefined historical and future (near-, medium-, or long-term) periods and warming levels (1.5, 2, 3 and 4 °C). These products and options were carefully designed during the preparation of the IPCC report to convey relevant information along different climate dimensions for a wide range of users, from policymakers to practitioners. However, the spatial and temporal scales of analysis used in the IPCC-IA are limited to those scales assessed in the report; for instance, regional analysis is limited to the pre-defined regions used in the AR6-WGI report3 (in particular the subcontinental IPCC reference regions). This prevents the use of the IPCC-IA for the calculation of customised regional information (e.g. at country level) that is highly demanded by users. The calculation of fully customised products is facilitated by making publicly available the intermediate dataset post-processed from the original CMIP and CORDEX data and used to calculate the IPCC-IA products. This is ongoing work as part of the IPCC activities for the adoption of FAIR (findability, accessibility, Interoperability and reproducibility) data principles in the AR6 report4.

FAIR data principles  aim to facilitate open science by ensuring that the data and code are findable and accessible and can be reused for reproducibility and for further developments. The novel implementation of these principles in the AR6 report is done in collaboration with the IPCC Data Distribution Center (IPCC-DDC; http://ipcc-data.org), under the supervision of the IPCC Task Group on Data Support for Climate Change Assessments (TG-Data, https://www.ipcc.ch/data), and includes the archival and data access services for key intermediate datasets created by IPCC authors during the preparation of the AR6 report. One of these intermediate datasets is the "IPCC-IA Monthly Dataset" and consists of the curated and harmonized (common calendars, common grids and monthly temporal frequency) CMIP and CORDEX projection data underpinning the IPCC-IA, allowing for flexible customization and expansion of the products provided by the IPCC-IA.

This document presents the work done within the contract WP1 (Task C3S2_381_11: Interactive Atlas Monthly Dataset) to consolidate the "IPCC-IA Monthly Dataset" using the data developed for the IPCC-IA. This process included the definition of an appropriate data model (aligned with CMIP and CORDEX specifications) and the generation of CF-compliant NetCDF archives with comprehensive and curated metadata (e.g. fixing problems with temporal and geospatial attributes). The document describes the main characteristics of the resulting dataset and the details required for planning its archival in the CDS (this document will be circulated to CDS representatives to coordinate data transferal and publication/documentation in the CDS). Further technical information is provided in the complementary deliverable D3.1.1 "Documentation and metadata produced for the Atlas Monthly Dataset (v1)".

This dataset will be used as the first version of the "C3S Atlas Dataset" and the work done will pave the way for archiving forthcoming datasets in the CDS (future versions building on CDS data with expanded datasets and variables/indices). Moreover, this work has contributed to support the activities of the IPCC-DDC  and to align IPCC and C3S products (the long-term version archived in IPCC-DDC for AR6 traceability will be the same as the one provided by the CDS). This will attract user's interest to the C3S Interactive Climate Atlas initiative which will develop expanded datasets (WP1), an Interactive Atlas with further functionalities (WP2) and also user tools to operate with the data (via the Toolbox, WP3).

1 https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1

2 https://interactive-atlas.ipcc.ch/regional-information/about

3 https://github.com/IPCC-WG1/Atlas/tree/main/reference-regions

4 https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6504468

5 https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201618

CSIC is one of the four partners providing in-kind support to the IPCC-DDC, and is responsible for the curation, standardization and long-term archiving of IPCC-IA relevant datasets.

2. The C3S Interactive Climate Atlas Datasets

The C3S Interactive Climate Atlas will provide access to a variety of products (developed in Task C3S2_381_11 using the software produced in Task C3S2_381_13) for a number of variables and indices from different data sources, computed using the available C3S infrastructure as illustrated in Figure 1. This involves the calculation of an intermediate dataset (the Atlas Monthly Dataset) with monthly aggregated values of the variables/indices curated and harmonized spatially (regular grids) and temporally (e.g. leap years, different calendars). This involves index calculation and/or bias adjustment (when needed) and curation and harmonization (in all cases). This activity will produce three versions of the intermediate dataset that will be stored and make accessible from the CDS and the Toolbox. The first version of this dataset (discussed in this report) will be the one used to produce the IPCC Interactive Atlas Monthly Dataset, so afterwards C3S will be an evolution from the frozen IPCC Interactive Atlas.

The development of the web application (frontend and backend) will require precomputing some products (temporal aggregations, spatial aggregations, auxiliary values for uncertainty, global warming levels, etc.) from this intermediate monthly dataset, so it is a fundamental part for the development of the C3S Interactive Climate Atlas, providing transparency and allowing for reproducibility and reusability.


Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the C3S components involved in the development of the C3S Interactive Climate Atlas (left) and the key activities using these components (yellow arrows), including the preparation of the Atlas data and its storage in the CDS (indicated by the yellow arrow with black border).

3. Description of the Atlas Monthly Dataset version 1 (v1)

The first version of the Atlas Monthly Dataset (v1) corresponds to the dataset used in the preparation of the IPCC WGI Interactive Atlas and is listed as one of the key intermediate IPCC WGI products in the IPCC Data Distribution Center7. This will be extended in future C3S versions with new variables/indices and updated datasets from the CDS. The inclusion of this dataset in the CDS is twofold. On the one hand, this first version will serve to establish a connection with the IPCC Interactive Atlas and will allow CDS users to compare future C3S versions with the original IPCC frozen version, keeping track of differences and changes; this will also promote the role of the C3S as a contributor to IPCC activities, facilitating the access to key IPCC datasets. On the other hand, this dataset is highly demanded by users/practitioners who want to develop customized products not available in the IPCC Interactive Atlas (e.g. regional information at subnational or national scales); note that this dataset is not available for download from the IPCC Interactive Atlas and, therefore, the CDS could facilitate this task to C3S users, providing easy access to data (via the CDS) and virtual resources (via the Toolbox) for product customization.

This initial version cannot be reproduced with a CDS workflow, because some of the data sources used in the IPCC report are different from those currently stored in the CDS (different versions for some datasets) and some of the tools (like regridding and bias correction) are not available. Future versions of the dataset will be produced with a CDS workflow in Task C3S2_381_13.
The main characteristics of this initial version (v1) of the dataset are described in the following sections.

3.1. Variables and Indices

Table 1 shows the variables (in bold) and derived indices included in the dataset as well as their description. Atmospheric and oceanic variables are shown in black and blue, respectively. Note that for two illustrative threshold-dependent indices (TX35 and TX40), the dataset includes results obtained using both the raw and the bias adjusted values (using the ISIMIP3 trend-preserving bias adjustment method; see Section Atlas.1.4.58). Note that all variables and indices are aggregated at monthly or annual temporal resolution.
The indices included in this dataset are generic indices for extremes (used in Chapter 119; see Annex VI10) and climatic impact-drivers (used in Chapter 1211; see Annex VI), selected to support the assessment made in these chapters.

Table 1. Description of the variables (in bold) and indices for the Atlas Monthly Dataset. The oceanic variables are shown in blue. 

#

Code

IPCC-IA Label

Description

1

t

Monthly mean of daily mean temperature

Monthly mean of daily mean near-surface (2 meters) air temperature

2

tn

Monthly mean of daily minimum temperature

Monthly mean of daily minimum near-surface (2 meters) air temperature

3

tx

Monthly mean of daily maximum temperature

Monthly mean of daily maximum near-surface (2 meters) air temperature

4

tnn

Monthly minimum of daily minimum temperature

Monthly minimum of daily minimum near-surface (2 meters) air temperature

5

txx

Monthly maximum of daily maximum temperature

Monthly maximum of daily maximum near-surface (2 meters) air temperature

6

tx35

Monthly count of days with maximum temperature above 35 °C

Monthly count of days with maximum near-surface (2 meters) temperature above 35 °C

7

tx35ba

Bias adjusted monthly count of days with maximum temperature above 35 °C

Bias adjusted (ISIMIP3 trend preserving method) monthly count of days with maximum near-surface (2 meters) temperature above 35 °C

8

tx40

Monthly count of days with maximum temperature above 40 °C

Monthly count of days with maximum near-surface (2 meters) temperature above 40 °C

9

tx40ba

Bias adjusted monthly count of days with maximum temperature above 40 °C

Bias adjusted (ISIMIP3 trend preserving method) monthly count of days with maximum near-surface temperature above 40 °C

10

fd

Monthly count of frost days

Monthly count of days with minimum near-surface (2 meters) temperature below 0 °C

11

hd

Heating degree-days

Annual energy consumption to heat the deficit of temperature below 15.5 °C 

12

cd

Cooling degree-days

Annual energy consumption to cool the excess of temperature above 22 °C 

13

pr

Monthly mean of daily accumulated precipitation

Monthly mean of daily accumulated precipitation of liquid water equivalent from all phases

14

prsn

Monthly mean of daily accumulated snowfall precipitation

Monthly mean of daily accumulated liquid water equivalent thickness snowfall

15

rx1day

Monthly maximum of 1-day accumulated precipitation

Monthly maximum of 1-day accumulated precipitation of liquid water equivalent from all phases

16

rx5day

Monthly maximum of 5-day accumulated precipitation

Monthly maximum of 5-day accumulated precipitation of liquid water equivalent from all phases

17

cdd

Annual consecutive dry days

Annual maximum of consecutive days when daily accumulated precipitation amount is below 1 mm

18

spi6

Standardized precipitation index for 6 months cumulation period

Monthly index that compares accumulated precipitation for 6 months with the long-term precipitation distribution (reference period: 1971-2010) for the same location and accumulation period

19

sfcwind

Monthly mean of daily mean wind speed

Monthly mean of daily mean near-surface (10 meters) wind speed

20

sst

Monthly mean of sea surface temperature

Monthly mean temperature of sea water near the surface

21

ph

Monthly mean of acidity (pH) of seawater

Monthly mean of negative log of hydrogen ion concentration with the concentration expressed as mol H kg-1

22

siconc

Monthly mean of sea-ice area percentage

Monthly mean percentage of sea grid cell area covered by ice

3.2. Experiments and GCM/RCM simulations

The dataset contains simulations from three experiments: CMIP6 (global, with 1° horizontal resolution), CMIP5 (global, with 2° horizontal resolution), and CORDEX (regional, with 0.5° horizontal resolution, with the exception of Europe, with 0.25° horizontal resolution). Note that all models from the same experiment are regridded to the common grids with predefined resolution. CORDEX includes different regional domains which are indicated in the dataset as different experiments (CORDEX-AFR, or just AFR, etc.) as follows:
CORDEX Africa (AFR)
CORDEX Antarctica (ANT)
CORDEX Arctic (ARC)
CORDEX Australasia (AUS)
CORDEX Central America (CAM)
CORDEX East Asia (EAS)
CORDEX Europe (EUR)
CORDEX North America (NAM)
CORDEX South America (SAM)
CORDEX South Asia (WAS)
CORDEX South East Asia (SEA)
Table A1.1 (in Annex 1 "Simulations") provides information about the simulations or members provided by the dataset for the different domains (last column).

3.3. Scenarios and time periods

Model simulations are available for recent-past (historical scenario) and future periods (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios for CMIP5 and CORDEX, and SSP1-2.6, SSP 2-4.5, SSP 3-7.0 and SSP 5-8.5 for CMIP6) with monthly temporal frequency. The historical scenario includes data for a pre-industrial period (1850-1900 for CMIP5 and CMIP6) and a modern period (1970-2005 / 1950-2005 / 1950-2014 for CORDEX / CMIP5 / CMIP6, according to data availability). Users should be aware that no data are available for the period 1901 – 1949 or in some cases 1901 - 1969 even though the CDS widget and the corresponding file name would suggest a continuous period. The future scenarios provide data for 2006-2100 / 2015-2100 for CORDEX and CMIP5 / CMIP6, respectively.

3.4. File format and archiving

Files have been generated using netcdf-c verion 4.4.1.1 and hdf5 version 1.8.18 libraries using NETCDF4 data model. The resulting files are NetCFD format and metadata is CF1.912 compliant allowing for string type NetCDF variables (used to define some attributes in the files, such as members). The attribute convention for data discovery is ACDD-1.313 compliant (including reference, geospatial, etc.).
Data is stored in different files for different experiments, scenarios and variables/indices (using the naming convention experiment scenario_index.nc{_}), including all members (see Table A1.1) in the same file using the member attribute and the full time periods described in Section 2.3; this was done to facilitate long-term data archival in the IPCC-DDC and the resulting dataset contains 806 files with a total volume of 400 GB (high compression rate is used), with file sizes ranging from 5GB to 600 KB. The archiving convention can be adapted to facilitate CDS archiving, adopting other convention and/or splitting the files for different members and/or years.

3.5. License


The IPCC-IA Monthly Dataset is made available under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0).

4. Conclusions

The IPCC Interactive Atlas (IPCC-IA, http://interactive-atlas.ipcc.ch) allows flexible (but limited) analysis of authoritative climate change products from global and regional climate projections. For instance, it allows to obtain regional climate change information only for the pre-defined regions used in the AR6-WGI report (in particular the subcontinental IPCC reference regions), preventing the calculation of customized regional information (e.g. at a country level), which is highly demanded by users. The "IPCC-IA Monthly Dataset" consists of the curated and harmonized (common calendars, common grids and monthly temporal frequency) CMIP and CORDEX projection data underpinning the IPCC-IA and facilitating the expansion of the results producing customized products.

The C3S Interactive Climate Atlas will develop an evolution of the IPCC-IA, building on C3S datasets to expand the Atlas Dataset (new datasets, variables and indices) and the functionalities of the IPCC-IA, including also user tools for data processing on the resulting datasets.

This document presents the work done within WP1 (Task C3S2_381_11: Interactive Atlas Monthly Dataset) to consolidate the "IPCC-IA Monthly Dataset", which will be the first version of the C3S Climate Atlas dataset after publication in the CDS. This process included the definition of an appropriate data model and the generation of standard archives with comprehensive curated metadata. The document describes the main characteristics of the resulting dataset and the details required for planning its archival in the CDS. This document will be circulated to CDS representatives to coordinate data transferal and documentation for publication in the CDS. Further technical information is provided in the complementary deliverable D3.1.1 "Documentation and metadata produced for the Atlas Monthly Dataset (v1)".

5. Annex 1. Simulations for different experiments / domains

Table A1.1. Simulations (members) for the different experiments/domains (last column) provided by the Atlas Monthly v1 dataset. 

#

MEMBER LABEL

GCM

RCM

EXPERIMENTS

0

AS-RCEC_TaiESM1_r1i1p1f1

TaiESM1


[CMIP6]

1

AWI_AWI-CM-1-1-MR_r1i1p1f1

AWI-CM-1-1-MR


[CMIP6]

2

BCC_BCC-CSM2-MR_r1i1p1f1

BCC-CSM2-MR


[CMIP6]

3

BCC_bcc-csm1-1-m_r1i1p1

bcc-csm1-1-m


[CMIP5]

4

BCC_bcc-csm1-1_r1i1p1

bcc-csm1-1


[CMIP5]

5

BNU_BNU-ESM_r1i1p1

BNU-ESM


[CMIP5]

6

CAMS_CAMS-CSM1-0_r2i1p1f1

CAMS-CSM1-0


[CMIP6]

7

CAS_FGOALS-g3_r1i1p1f1

FGOALS-g3


[CMIP6]

8

CCCR-IITM_IITM-ESM_r1i1p1f1

IITM-ESM


[CMIP6]

9

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1

CanESM2


[CMIP5]

10

CCCma_CanESM5_r1i1p1f1

CanESM5


[CMIP6]

11

CMCC_CMCC-CM2-SR5_r1i1p1f1

CMCC-CM2-SR5


[CMIP6]

12

CMCC_CMCC-CMS_r1i1p1

CMCC-CMS


[CMIP5]

13

CMCC_CMCC-CM_r1i1p1

CMCC-CM


[CMIP5]

14

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1

CNRM-CM5


[CMIP5]

15

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM6-1-HR_r1i1p1f2

CNRM-CM6-1-HR


[CMIP6]

16

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM6-1_r1i1p1f2

CNRM-CM6-1


[CMIP6]

17

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-ESM2-1_r1i1p1f2

CNRM-ESM2-1


[CMIP6]

18

CSIRO-ARCCSS_ACCESS-CM2_r1i1p1f1

ACCESS-CM2


[CMIP6]

19

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-0_r1i1p1

ACCESS1-0


[CMIP5]

20

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-3_r1i1p1

ACCESS1-3


[CMIP5]

21

CSIRO-QCCCE_CSIRO-Mk3-6-0_r1i1p1

CSIRO-Mk3-6-0


[CMIP5]

22

CSIRO_ACCESS-ESM1-5_r1i1p1f1

ACCESS-ESM1-5


[CMIP6]

23

EC-Earth-Consortium_EC-Earth3-Veg-LR_r1i1p1f1

EC-Earth3-Veg-LR


[CMIP6]

24

EC-Earth-Consortium_EC-Earth3-Veg_r1i1p1f1

EC-Earth3-Veg


[CMIP6]

25

EC-Earth-Consortium_EC-Earth3_r1i1p1f1

EC-Earth3


[CMIP6]

26

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1

EC-EARTH


[CMIP5]

27

INM_INM-CM4-8_r1i1p1f1

INM-CM4-8


[CMIP6]

28

INM_INM-CM5-0_r1i1p1f1

INM-CM5-0


[CMIP6]

29

INM_inmcm4_r1i1p1

inmcm4


[CMIP5]

30

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-LR_r1i1p1

IPSL-CM5A-LR


[CMIP5]

31

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1

IPSL-CM5A-MR


[CMIP5]

32

IPSL_IPSL-CM5B-LR_r1i1p1

IPSL-CM5B-LR


[CMIP5]

33

IPSL_IPSL-CM6A-LR_r1i1p1f1

IPSL-CM6A-LR


[CMIP6]

34

KIOST_KIOST-ESM_r1i1p1f1

KIOST-ESM


[CMIP6]

35

MIROC_MIROC-ES2L_r1i1p1f2

MIROC-ES2L


[CMIP6]

36

MIROC_MIROC-ESM-CHEM_r1i1p1

MIROC-ESM-CHEM


[CMIP5]

37

MIROC_MIROC-ESM_r1i1p1

MIROC-ESM


[CMIP5]

38

MIROC_MIROC5_r1i1p1

MIROC5


[CMIP5]

39

MIROC_MIROC6_r1i1p1f1

MIROC6


[CMIP6]

40

MOHC_HadGEM2-CC_r1i1p1

HadGEM2-CC


[CMIP5]

41

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1

HadGEM2-ES


[CMIP5]

42

MOHC_HadGEM3-GC31-LL_r1i1p1f3

HadGEM3-GC31-LL


[CMIP6]

43

MOHC_UKESM1-0-LL_r1i1p1f2

UKESM1-0-LL


[CMIP6]

44

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1

MPI-ESM-LR


[CMIP5]

45

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1

MPI-ESM-MR


[CMIP5]

46

MPI-M_MPI-ESM1-2-HR_r1i1p1f1

MPI-ESM1-2-HR


[CMIP6]

47

MPI-M_MPI-ESM1-2-LR_r1i1p1f1

MPI-ESM1-2-LR


[CMIP6]

48

MRI_MRI-CGCM3_r1i1p1

MRI-CGCM3


[CMIP5]

49

MRI_MRI-ESM2-0_r1i1p1f1

MRI-ESM2-0


[CMIP6]

50

NCAR_CCSM4_r1i1p1

CCSM4


[CMIP5]

51

NCAR_CESM2-WACCM_r1i1p1f1

CESM2-WACCM


[CMIP6]

52

NCAR_CESM2_r4i1p1f1

CESM2


[CMIP6]

53

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1

NorESM1-M


[CMIP5]

54

NCC_NorESM2-LM_r1i1p1f1

NorESM2-LM


[CMIP6]

55

NCC_NorESM2-MM_r1i1p1f1

NorESM2-MM


[CMIP6]

56

NIMS-KMA_KACE-1-0-G_r2i1p1f1

KACE-1-0-G


[CMIP6]

57

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-CM3_r1i1p1

GFDL-CM3


[CMIP5]

58

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-CM4_r1i1p1f1

GFDL-CM4


[CMIP6]

59

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2G_r1i1p1

GFDL-ESM2G


[CMIP5]

60

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1

GFDL-ESM2M


[CMIP5]

61

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM4_r1i1p1f1

GFDL-ESM4


[CMIP6]

62

NSF-DOE-NCAR_CESM1-BGC_r1i1p1

CESM1-BGC


[CMIP5]

63

NUIST_NESM3_r1i1p1f1

NESM3


[CMIP6]

64

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_CCCma_CanRCM4_r2

CanESM2

CanRCM4

[NAM, ARC, AFR]

65

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_CSIRO_CCAM-2008_v1

CanESM2

CCAM-2008

[AUS]

66

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_IITM_RegCM4-4_v5

CanESM2

RegCM4-4

[WAS]

67

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_OURANOS_CRCM5_v1

CanESM2

CRCM5

[NAM, CAM]

68

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

CanESM2

RCA4

[NAM, ARC, AFR, CAM]

69

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

CanESM2

RCA4

[WAS]

70

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

CanESM2

RCA4

[SAM]

71

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_UCAN_WRF341I_v2

CanESM2

WRF341I

[SAM]

72

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_UNSW_WRF360J_v1

CanESM2

WRF360J

[AUS]

73

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_UNSW_WRF360K_v1

CanESM2

WRF360K

[AUS]

74

CCCma_CanESM2_r1i1p1_UQAM_CRCM5_v1

CanESM2

CRCM5

[NAM, ARC, AFR]

75

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM4-8-17_v1

CNRM-CM5

CCLM4-8-17

[EUR, AFR]

76

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM5-0-2_v1

CNRM-CM5

CCLM5-0-2

[EAS]

77

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_CNRM_ALADIN63_v2

CNRM-CM5

ALADIN63

[EUR]

78

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v2

CNRM-CM5

HIRHAM5

[EUR]

79

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2015_v2

CNRM-CM5

REMO2015

[EUR]

80

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_IITM_RegCM4-4_v5

CNRM-CM5

RegCM4-4

[WAS]

81

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_IPSL_WRF381P_v2

CNRM-CM5

WRF381P

[EUR]

82

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22E_v2

CNRM-CM5

RACMO22E

[EUR]

83

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_OURANOS_CRCM5_v1

CNRM-CM5

CRCM5

[NAM, CAM]

84

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_RMIB-UGent_UGent-ALARO-0_v1

CNRM-CM5

UGent-ALARO-0

[EUR]

85

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

CNRM-CM5

RCA4

[EUR, AFR, CAM]

86

CNRM-CERFACS_CNRM-CM5_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

CNRM-CM5

RCA4

[WAS]

87

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-0_r1i1p1_CSIRO_CCAM-2008_v1

ACCESS1-0

CCAM-2008

[AUS]

88

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-0_r1i1p1_UNSW_WRF360J_v1

ACCESS1-0

WRF360J

[AUS]

89

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-0_r1i1p1_UNSW_WRF360K_v1

ACCESS1-0

WRF360K

[AUS]

90

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-3_r1i1p1_ULg_MAR311_v1

ACCESS1-3

MAR311

[ANT]

91

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-3_r1i1p1_UNSW_WRF360J_v1

ACCESS1-3

WRF360J

[AUS]

92

CSIRO-BOM_ACCESS1-3_r1i1p1_UNSW_WRF360K_v1

ACCESS1-3

WRF360K

[AUS]

93

CSIRO-QCCCE_CSIRO-Mk3-6-0_r1i1p1_IITM_RegCM4-4_v5

CSIRO-Mk3-6-0

RegCM4-4

[WAS]

94

CSIRO-QCCCE_CSIRO-Mk3-6-0_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

CSIRO-Mk3-6-0

RCA4

[AFR, CAM]

95

CSIRO-QCCCE_CSIRO-Mk3-6-0_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

CSIRO-Mk3-6-0

RCA4

[WAS]

96

CSIRO-QCCCE_CSIRO-Mk3-6-0_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

CSIRO-Mk3-6-0

RCA4

[SAM]

97

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM4-8-17-CLM3-5_v1

EC-EARTH

CCLM4-8-17-CLM3-5

[AUS]

98

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM4-8-17_v1

EC-EARTH

CCLM4-8-17

[EUR, AFR]

99

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM5-0-2_v1

EC-EARTH

CCLM5-0-2

[EAS]

100

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_CLMcom_ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1_v1

EC-EARTH

ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1

[EUR, WAS]

101

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v1

EC-EARTH

HIRHAM5

[EUR]

102

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-6_v1

EC-EARTH

RegCM4-6

[EUR]

103

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_IPSL_WRF381P_v1

EC-EARTH

WRF381P

[EUR]

104

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_KNMI_RACMO21P_v1

EC-EARTH

RACMO21P

[ANT]

105

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22E_v1

EC-EARTH

RACMO22E

[EUR]

106

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22T_v1

EC-EARTH

RACMO22T

[AFR]

107

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_MOHC_HadREM3-GA7-05_v1

EC-EARTH

HadREM3-GA7-05

[EUR]

108

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_MPI-CSC_REMO2009_v1

EC-EARTH

REMO2009

[AFR]

109

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_SMHI_RCA4-SN_v1

EC-EARTH

RCA4-SN

[ARC]

110

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

EC-EARTH

RCA4

[NAM, ARC, EUR, AFR, CAM]

111

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

EC-EARTH

RCA4

[WAS]

112

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r12i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

EC-EARTH

RCA4

[SAM]

113

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO21P_v1

EC-EARTH

RACMO21P

[ANT]

114

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r1i1p1_RU-CORE_RegCM4-3_v4

EC-EARTH

RegCM4-3

[SEA]

115

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r3i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v1

EC-EARTH

HIRHAM5

[EAS, NAM, ARC, ANT]

116

ICHEC_EC-EARTH_r3i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v2

EC-EARTH

HIRHAM5

[EUR, AFR]

117

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-LR_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2009_v1

IPSL-CM5A-LR

REMO2009

[AFR]

118

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-LR_r1i1p1_IITM_RegCM4-4_v5

IPSL-CM5A-LR

RegCM4-4

[WAS]

119

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-LR_r1i1p1_RU-CORE_RegCM4-3_v4

IPSL-CM5A-LR

RegCM4-3

[SEA]

120

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v1

IPSL-CM5A-MR

HIRHAM5

[EUR]

121

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2015_v1

IPSL-CM5A-MR

REMO2015

[EUR]

122

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1_IPSL_WRF381P_v1

IPSL-CM5A-MR

WRF381P

[EUR]

123

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22E_v1

IPSL-CM5A-MR

RACMO22E

[EUR]

124

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

IPSL-CM5A-MR

RCA4

[EUR, AFR, CAM]

125

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

IPSL-CM5A-MR

RCA4

[WAS]

126

IPSL_IPSL-CM5A-MR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

IPSL-CM5A-MR

RCA4

[SAM]

127

MIROC_MIROC5_r1i1p1_CSIRO_CCAM-2008_v1

MIROC5

CCAM-2008

[AUS]

128

MIROC_MIROC5_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2009_v1

MIROC5

REMO2009

[AFR]

129

MIROC_MIROC5_r1i1p1_ORNL_RegCM4-7_v0

MIROC5

RegCM4-7

[WAS]

130

MIROC_MIROC5_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

MIROC5

RCA4

[AFR, CAM]

131

MIROC_MIROC5_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

MIROC5

RCA4

[WAS]

132

MIROC_MIROC5_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

MIROC5

RCA4

[SAM]

133

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM4-8-17_v1

HadGEM2-ES

CCLM4-8-17

[EUR, AFR]

134

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM5-0-2_v1

HadGEM2-ES

CCLM5-0-2

[EAS]

135

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_CLMcom_ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1_v1

HadGEM2-ES

ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1

[EUR]

136

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_CLMcom_HZG-CCLM5-0-15_v1

HadGEM2-ES

HZG-CCLM5-0-15

[AUS]

137

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_CLMcom_KIT-CCLM5-0-15_v1

HadGEM2-ES

KIT-CCLM5-0-15

[AFR]

138

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_CNRM_ALADIN63_v1

HadGEM2-ES

ALADIN63

[EUR]

139

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v2

HadGEM2-ES

HIRHAM5

[EUR]

140

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2009_v1

HadGEM2-ES

REMO2009

[AFR]

141

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2015_v1

HadGEM2-ES

REMO2015

[EAS, AUS, SEA, NAM, SAM, AFR, CAM, WAS]

142

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-3_v4

HadGEM2-ES

RegCM4-3

[SAM, CAM]

143

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-4_v0

HadGEM2-ES

RegCM4-4

[EAS]

144

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-6_v1

HadGEM2-ES

RegCM4-6

[EUR]

145

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-7_v0

HadGEM2-ES

RegCM4-7

[AUS, SEA, SAM, AFR, CAM]

146

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_IPSL_WRF381P_v1

HadGEM2-ES

WRF381P

[EUR]

147

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_ISU_RegCM4_v4-4-rc8

HadGEM2-ES

RegCM4

[NAM]

148

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO21P_v2

HadGEM2-ES

RACMO21P

[ANT]

149

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22E_v2

HadGEM2-ES

RACMO22E

[EUR]

150

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22T_v2

HadGEM2-ES

RACMO22T

[AFR]

151

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_MOHC_HadREM3-GA7-05_v1

HadGEM2-ES

HadREM3-GA7-05

[EUR]

152

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_NCAR_WRF_v3-5-1

HadGEM2-ES

WRF

[NAM]

153

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_RU-CORE_RegCM4-3_v4

HadGEM2-ES

RegCM4-3

[SEA]

154

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

HadGEM2-ES

RCA4

[SEA, EUR, AFR, CAM]

155

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

HadGEM2-ES

RCA4

[WAS]

156

MOHC_HadGEM2-ES_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

HadGEM2-ES

RCA4

[SAM]

157

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM4-8-17-CLM3-5_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

CCLM4-8-17-CLM3-5

[AUS]

158

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM4-8-17_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

CCLM4-8-17

[EUR, AFR]

159

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_CLMcom_CCLM5-0-2_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

CCLM5-0-2

[EAS]

160

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_CLMcom_ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1

[EUR, WAS]

161

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_CLMcom_HZG-CCLM5-0-15_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

HZG-CCLM5-0-15

[AUS]

162

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_CLMcom_KIT-CCLM5-0-15_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

KIT-CCLM5-0-15

[AFR]

163

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_CNRM_ALADIN63_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

ALADIN63

[EUR]

164

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

HIRHAM5

[EUR]

165

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2015_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

REMO2015

[EAS, AUS, SEA, NAM, SAM, AFR, CAM, WAS]

166

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-6_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

RegCM4-6

[EUR]

167

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22E_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

RACMO22E

[EUR]

168

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_MGO_RRCM_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

RRCM

[ARC]

169

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_MOHC_HadREM3-GA7-05_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

HadREM3-GA7-05

[EUR]

170

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_MPI-CSC_REMO2009_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

REMO2009

[EUR, SAM, AFR, WAS]

171

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_NCAR_RegCM4_v4-4-rc8

MPI-ESM-LR

RegCM4

[NAM]

172

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_OURANOS_CRCM5_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

CRCM5

[NAM]

173

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4-SN_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

RCA4-SN

[ARC]

174

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

RCA4

[ARC, EUR, AFR, CAM]

175

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1a

MPI-ESM-LR

RCA4

[EUR]

176

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

MPI-ESM-LR

RCA4

[WAS]

177

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

MPI-ESM-LR

RCA4

[SAM]

178

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_UA_WRF_v3-5-1

MPI-ESM-LR

WRF

[NAM]

179

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r1i1p1_UQAM_CRCM5_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

CRCM5

[NAM, AFR]

180

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r2i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

RCA4

[EUR]

181

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-LR_r3i1p1_GERICS_REMO2015_v1

MPI-ESM-LR

REMO2015

[EUR]

182

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-3_v4

MPI-ESM-MR

RegCM4-3

[CAM]

183

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-4_v0

MPI-ESM-MR

RegCM4-4

[EAS]

184

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-7_v0

MPI-ESM-MR

RegCM4-7

[AUS, SEA, SAM, AFR, CAM]

185

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1_IITM_RegCM4-4_v5

MPI-ESM-MR

RegCM4-4

[WAS]

186

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1_ORNL_RegCM4-7_v0

MPI-ESM-MR

RegCM4-7

[WAS]

187

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1_RU-CORE_RegCM4-3_v4

MPI-ESM-MR

RegCM4-3

[SEA]

188

MPI-M_MPI-ESM-MR_r1i1p1_UQAM_CRCM5_v1

MPI-ESM-MR

CRCM5

[NAM, ARC]

189

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_CLMcom_ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1_v1

NorESM1-M

ETH-COSMO-crCLIM-v1-1

[EUR, WAS]

190

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_CLMcom_HZG-CCLM5-0-15_v1

NorESM1-M

HZG-CCLM5-0-15

[AUS]

191

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_CLMcom_KIT-CCLM5-0-15_v1

NorESM1-M

KIT-CCLM5-0-15

[AFR]

192

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_CNRM_ALADIN63_v1

NorESM1-M

ALADIN63

[EUR]

193

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_CSIRO_CCAM-2008_v1

NorESM1-M

CCAM-2008

[AUS]

194

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_DMI_HIRHAM5_v3

NorESM1-M

HIRHAM5

[EUR]

195

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2015_v1

NorESM1-M

REMO2015

[EAS, AUS, SEA, NAM, EUR, SAM, AFR, CAM, WAS]

196

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-4_v0

NorESM1-M

RegCM4-4

[EAS]

197

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-7_v0

NorESM1-M

RegCM4-7

[AUS, SEA, SAM, AFR]

198

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_IPSL_WRF381P_v1

NorESM1-M

WRF381P

[EUR]

199

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_KNMI_RACMO22E_v1

NorESM1-M

RACMO22E

[EUR]

200

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_MOHC_HadREM3-GA7-05_v1

NorESM1-M

HadREM3-GA7-05

[EUR]

201

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_ORNL_RegCM4-7_v0

NorESM1-M

RegCM4-7

[WAS]

202

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

NorESM1-M

RCA4

[ARC, EUR, AFR, CAM]

203

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

NorESM1-M

RCA4

[WAS]

204

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

NorESM1-M

RCA4

[SAM]

205

NCC_NorESM1-M_r1i1p1_ULg_MAR311_v1

NorESM1-M

MAR311

[ANT]

206

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2G_r1i1p1_GERICS_REMO2009_v1

GFDL-ESM2G

REMO2009

[AFR]

207

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_CSIRO_CCAM-2008_v1

GFDL-ESM2M

CCAM-2008

[AUS]

208

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_ICTP_RegCM4-7_v0

GFDL-ESM2M

RegCM4-7

[CAM]

209

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_IITM_RegCM4-4_v5

GFDL-ESM2M

RegCM4-4

[WAS]

210

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_ISU_RegCM4_v4-4-rc8

GFDL-ESM2M

RegCM4

[NAM]

211

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_NCAR_WRF_v3-5-1

GFDL-ESM2M

WRF

[NAM]

212

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_OURANOS_CRCM5_v1

GFDL-ESM2M

CRCM5

[NAM, CAM]

213

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v1

GFDL-ESM2M

RCA4

[AFR, CAM]

214

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v2

GFDL-ESM2M

RCA4

[WAS]

215

NOAA-GFDL_GFDL-ESM2M_r1i1p1_SMHI_RCA4_v3

GFDL-ESM2M

RCA4

[SAM]


This document has been produced in the context of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

The activities leading to these results have been contracted by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, operator of C3S on behalf of the European Union (Delegation Agreement signed on 11/11/2014 and Contribution Agreement signed on 22/07/2021). All information in this document is provided "as is" and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose.

The users thereof use the information at their sole risk and liability. For the avoidance of all doubt , the European Commission and the European Centre for Medium - Range Weather Forecasts have no liability in respect of this document, which is merely representing the author's view.

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