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Aerosols and Greenhouse Gases
The IFS can consider the effects of several greenhouse gases and aerosol species that impact forecasts via their interaction with short-wave and long-wave radiation, which can heat or cool the atmosphere and the surface. Aside from water vapour, the greenhouse gases considered are carbon dioxide, ozone, methane, nitrous oxide and four CFC compounds. The aerosol types considered are sea salt, desert dust, organic matter, black carbon, and ammonium sulphate. In the case of sea salt and dust, three different sized particles are represented. Several of the aerosol species are hydrophyilic, which means that they would swell as the relative humidity increases. This makes the aerosol more optically thick and if this process is activated in the model it can act to reduce visibility in humid conditions.
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