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• Widespread storm damage or defoliation will reduce evapotranspiration from model predictions.
• Vegetation growth and decay is climatologically variable but there is currently no interactive biology in the model.  Anomalously early extensive vegetation growth in spring or widespread wilting in heatwaves are not modelled. 
• Transitory local but significant variations in surface characteristics (e.g. extensive burnt vegetation, seasonal variation in lake extent) are not represented.
• The availability of water in the soil for plant uptake allows plant roots to better extract water, especially in relatively dry conditions.  This can affect the surface specific humidity.

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