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Introduction
Here we document the CAMS reanalysis dataset, which, eventually, will cover the period January 2003 to near real time (NRT), though the first tranche of data, released in October 2017, only covers the year 2003. The CAMS reanalysis is the latest global reanalysis data set of atmospheric composition (AC) produced by the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service, consisting of 3-dimensional time-consistent AC fields, including aerosols, chemical species and greenhouse gases. The data set builds on the experience gained during the production of the earlier MACC reanalysis and CAMS interim reanalysis.
The CAMS reanalysis was produced using 4DVar data assimilation in CY42R1 of ECMWF’s Integrated Forecast System (IFS), with 60 hybrid sigma/pressure (model) levels in the vertical, with the top level at 0.1 hPa. Atmospheric data are available on these levels and they are also interpolated to 25 pressure, 10 potential temperature and 1 potential vorticity level(s). "Surface or single level" data are also available.
Generally, the data are available at a sub-daily and monthly frequency and consist of analyses and 48h forecasts, initialised daily from analyses at 0 UTC.
The data are archived in the ECMWF data archive (MARS) and can be retrieved using the ECMWF Public Dataset service via the WebAPI (Member State users can access the data using MARS directly, in the usual manner). In the future, the data will be available from the CAMS data server.
The IFS model and data assimilation system
The 4DVar data assimilation uses 12 hour windows from 09 UTC to 21 UTC and 21 UTC to 09 UTC (the following day).
The IFS model documentation for various model cycles can be found on https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/documentation-and-support/changes-ecmwf-model/ifs-documentation. The model used in the CAMS reanalysis includes several updates to the aerosol and chemistry modules on top of the standard CY42R1 release.
Aerosol model
- The aerosol model contains new aerosol optical properties (see Bozzo et al. 2017: "Implementation of a CAMS-based aerosol climatology in IFS" ECMWF Technical memo).
- For Organic Matter (OM), there is significantly less extinction per mass.
- Aerosol optical properties at 10 micron wavelength
- Bugfix of dust and sea-salt sedimentation
- Decrease of the fraction of sea-salt aerosol subjected to in-cloud scavenging from 0.7 to 0.2 (to compensate the low bias brought by the activation of sedimentation)
- SO2 dry deposition velocities from SUMO (same as SO2 in chemistry)
- Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) production scaled on non biomass burning CO emissions
- SO2 to SO4 conversion complexified: a temperature dependency was added; conversion increased by 50% where relative humidity > 98% and T> 273.15 K
- SO2 to SO4 conversion e-folding time was decreased from 8 to 4 days at the equator and from 3 to 0.5 days at the pole
- SO4 dry deposition velocity was ncreased over the oceans
- Use of mass fixer for aerosol species
- Scaling of biomass-burning Black Carbon (BC) emissions using the ratio of BC AOD (CAMS interim reanalysis) / BC AOD (CAMS interim control run). Not done for OM because of the change in optical properties.
- 80% of SO2 emissions are released in the two lowest model levels (as an update of tendencies) rather than at surface (fluxes)
- Use of an external file to define the altitude of ~1500 volcanoes. Where there is a volcano, SO2 emissions are released 3 model levels higher than the altitude of the volcano.
Chemistry mechanism
The chemical mechanism of the IFS is an extended version of the Carbon Bond 2005 (CB05) chemical mechanism as implemented in CTM Transport Model 5 (TM5). In the CAMS reanalysis the model as documented in Flemming et al. (2015) and Flemming et al. (2017) is used with the following updates:
- Update of heterogeneous rate coefficients for N2O5 and HO2 based on clouds and aerosol
- Modification of photolysis rates by aerosol
- Dynamic tropopause definition based on T profile for coupling to stratosphere and tropospheric mass diagnostics
- Monthly mean VOC emissions calculated by the MEGAN model using MERRA reanalysed meteorology (Sindelarova et al., 2014) for all VOCs and for whole period 2003-2015 period.
- Bugfixes, in particular for diurnal cycle of dry deposition whose correction has decreased ozone dry deposition (about 15-20%)
- CHEM_VER=15
Greenhouse Gases
The model configuration for greenhouse gases is based on the specification of the following components documented in the listed papers below:
- Emissions for CO2 are documented in Agusti-Panareda et al. (2014), Massart et al. (2016).
- Bias correction for CO2 ecosystem fluxes based on the Biogenic Flux Adjustement Scheme is documented by Agusti-Panareda et al. (2016)
- Emissions and loss rate for CH4 is documented in Massart et al. (2014)
- Mass fixer configuration for CO2 and CH4 is documented by Agusti-Panareda et al. (2017)
Emission datasets
The emissions datasets used to produce the CAMS reanalysis are listed in Table 1. They include the MACCity anthropogenic emission, GFAS fire emissions, MEGAN biogenic emissions and several GHG emission datasets.
Table 1: Emission datasets used in the CAMS reanalysis
Data set | Version/Period | Experiment/path |
---|---|---|
MACCity anthropognic emissions | MACCity (trend: ACCMIP + RCP8.5) & CO emission upgrade Stein et al. (2014) | /fwsm/lb/project/macc/grg/cifs_prep/emis_data/MACCity_gfas_rean_v2/tm5/processed/ |
GFAS | v1.2: 20030101- | exp=0001, class="mc" |
Dry deposition | Sumo dry deposition | /home/rd/ecgems/data/cifs_input/chem/drydep_data/sumo/tm5/255l_2/ |
VOC emissions | Monthly mean VOC emissions calculated by the MEGAN model using MERRA reanalysed meteorology (Sindelarova et al., 2014) | /fwsm/lb/project/macc/grg/cifs_prep/emis_data/MACCity_gfas_rean_v2/tm5/processed |
CO2 ocean fluxes | Takahashi et al. (2009) climatology | /home/rd/ecgems/data/cifs_input/ghg/emis_data/co2_ocean/takahashi2009/255l_2 |
CO2 emissions from aviation | Based on ACCMIP NO emissions from aviation scaled to annual total CO2 from EDGAR aviation emissions. | /fwsm/lb/project/macc/grg/cifs_prep/emis_data/MACCity_gfas_rean_v2/aircraft/processed |
CO2 ecosystem fluxes bias corrected with BFAS | Based on CHTESSEL (modelled online in C-IFS) | |
CO2 anthropogenic emissions | EDGARv4.2FT2010 (2003-2010) | /home/rd/ecgems/data/cifs_input/ghg/emis_data/co2_apf/edgarv42ft2010_v2016/255l_2 |
CH4 wetland emissions | LPJ-HYMN climatology (Spanhi et al.,2013) | /home/rd/ecgems/data/cifs_input/ghg/emis_data/ch4_wetland/lpjhymn/255l_2/ |
CH4 total emissions | based on EDGARv4.2FT2010 , LPJ-HYMN wetland climatology and other natural sources/sinks (2003-2010) | /home/rd/ecgems/data/cifs_input/ghg/emis_data/ch4/total_emis_edgarv42ft2010_lpjhymnwetland/255l_2/ |
CH4 chemical sink | based on Bergamaschi et al. (2013) dataset | /home/rd/ecgems/data/cifs_input/ghg/chem_clim/ch4/255l_2/ |
CH4 anthropogenic emissions | EDGARv4.2FT2010 (2003-2010) | /home/rd/ecgems/data/cifs_input/ghg/emis_data/ch4_apf/apf_edgarv42ft2010/255l_2/ |
Data organisation
The data can be accessed using the MARS keywords class=mc and expver=eac4 (or ‘dataset’ : “eac4” for the ECMWF Public Dataset service via the WebAPI). Subdivisions of the data are labelled using stream, type and levtype.
Stream:
- oper: sub-daily
- mnth: synoptic monthly means
- moda:monthly means of daily means
Type:
- an: analyses
- fc: forecasts
Levtype:
- sfc: surface or single level
- pl: pressure levels
- pt: potential temperature levels
- pv: potential vorticity level
- ml: model levels
Spatial grid
The CAMS reanalysis data have a resolution of 80km. The data are available either as spectral coefficients with a triangular truncation of T255 or on a reduced Gaussian grid with a resolution of N128. These grids are so called "linear grids", sometimes referred to as TL255.
Temporal frequency
For sub-daily data for the CAMS reanalysis (stream=oper) the analyses (type=an) are available 3-hourly. The daily forecast, run from 0 UTC, has 3-hourly steps from 0 to 48 hours for the 3D model level and pressure level fields, and hourly steps from 0 to 48 hours for the surface fields.
Monthly means
Several parameters are also available as synoptic monthly means, for each particular time and forecast step (stream=mnth) and as monthly means of daily means, for the month as a whole (stream=moda).
Monthly means for analyses and instantaneous forecasts are created from data with a valid time in the month, between 00 and 23 UTC, which excludes the time 00 UTC on the first day of the following month. Monthly means for accumulations and mean rates are created from data with a forecast period falling within the month. For example, monthly means of daily means for accumulations and mean rates are created from contiguous data with forecast periods spanning from 00 UTC on the first day of the month to 00 UTC on the first day of the following month.
Data format
Model level fields are in GRIB2 format. All other fields are in GRIB1, unless otherwise indicated.
Level listings
Pressure levels: 1000/950/925/900/850/800/700/600/500/400/300/250/200/150/100/70/50/30/20/10/7/5/3/2/1
Potential temperature levels: 300/315/320/330/350/370/395/475/600/850
Potential vorticity level: 2000
Model levels: 1/to/60, which are described at https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/documentation-and-support/60-model-levels.
Parameter listings
Tables 1-5 below describe the surface and single level parameters (levtype=sfc), Table 6 describes wave parameters, Table 7 describes the monthly mean exceptions for surface and single level and wave parameters and Tables 8-12 describe upper air parameters on various levtypes.
Table 1: Monthly means of total column fields (Stream=moda/mnth).
Count | Name | Frib code | Short name | unit | an | fc |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Total column Nitrogen dioxide | 210125 | tcno2 | kg/m2 | ||
2 | Total column Sulphur dioxide | 210126 | tcso2 | kg/m2 | ||
3 | Total column Carbon monoxide | 210127 | tcco | kg/m2 | ||
4 | Total column Formaldehyde | 210128 | tchcho | kg/m2 | ||
5 | Total column ozone | 210206 | gtco3 | kg.m2 | ||
6 | Total column Carbon Dioxide | 210064 | tcco2 (Xco2) | ppm | ||
7 | Total column Methane | 210065 | tcch4 (Xch4) | ppm | ||
8 | Total Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm | 210207 | aod550 | dimensionless | ||
9 | Sea Salt Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm | 210208 | ssaod550 | dimensionless | ||
10 | Dust Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm | 210209 | duaod550 | dimensionless | ||
11 | Organic Matter Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm | 210210 | omaod550 | dimensionless | ||
12 | Black Carbon Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm | 210211 | bcaod550 | dimensionless | ||
13 | Sulphate Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm | 210212 | suaod550 | dimensionless | ||
14 |
Particulate matter d < 2.5 um | 210073 | pm2p5 | kg/m3 | |||
15 | Particulate matter d < 10 um | 210074 | pm10 | kg/m3 | ||
16 | Total column nitrogen monoxide | 218027 | tc_no | kg/m2 | ||
17 | Total column peroxyacetyl nitrate | 218013 | tc_pan | kg/m2 | ||
18 | Total column nitric acid | 218006 | tc_hno3 | kg/m2 | ||
19 | Total column methane | 218004 | tc_ch4 | kg/m2 | ||
20 | Total column isoprene | 218016 | tc_c5h8 | kg/m2 | ||
21 | Total column ethane | 218045 | tc_c2h6 | kg/m2 | ||
22 | Total column hydroxyl radical | 218030 | tc_oh | kg/m2 | ||
23 | Total column propane | 218047 | tc_c3h8 | kg/m2 |
Table 2: Monthly means of pressure level fields (Stream=moda/mnth) and fields on lowest model level (i.e. fields on model level 60).
Count | Name | Grib code | Short Name | Unit | an | fc |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 210001 | aermr01 | kg/kg | |||
2 | 210002 | aermr02 | kg/kg | |||
3 | 210003 | aermr03 | kg/kg | |||
4 | 210004 | aermr04 | kg/kg | |||
5 | 210005 | aermr05 | kg/kg | |||
6 | 210006 | aermr06 | kg/kg | |||
7 | 210007 | aermr07 | kg/kg | |||
8 | 210008 | aermr08 | kg/kg | |||
9 | 210009 | aermr09 | kg/kg | |||
10 | 210010 | aermr10 | kg/kg | |||
11 | 210011 | aermr11 | kg/kg | |||
12 | 210012 | aermr12 | kg/kg | |||
13 | 210048 | aerlg | kg/kg | |||
14 | 210121 | no2 | kg/kg | |||
15 | 210122 | so2 | kg/kg | |||
16 | 210123 | co | kg/kg | |||
17 | 210124 | hcho | kg/kg | |||
18 | 210203 | go3 | kg/kg | |||
19 | 210061 | co2 | kg/kg | |||
20 | 210062 | ch4 | kg/kg | |||
21 | 217027 | no | kg/kg | |||
22 | 217013 | pan | kg/kg | |||
23 | 217006 | hno3 | kg/kg | |||
24 | 217004 | ch4 | kg/kg | |||
25 | 217016 | c5h8 | kg/kg | |||
26 | 217045 | c2h6 | kg/kg | |||
27 | 217030 | oh | kg/kg | |||
28 | 217047 | c3h8 | kg/kg |
Table 3: Monthly means of surface fields (Stream=moda/mnth) and lowest model leve fields (i.e. fields on model level 60).
Table 2: stream=oper/mnth/moda, levtype=sfc: surface and single level parameters: instantaneous
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
Convective inhibition
J kg**-1
cin
228001
x
2
Friction velocity
m s**-1
zust
228003
x
3
Lake mix-layer temperature
K
lmlt
228008
x
x
4
Lake mix-layer depth
m
lmld
228009
x
x
5
Lake bottom temperature
K
lblt
228010
x
x
6
Lake total layer temperature
K
ltlt
228011
x
x
7
Lake shape factor
dimensionless
lshf
228012
x
x
8
Lake ice temperature
K
lict
228013
x
x
9
Lake ice depth
m
licd
228014
x
x
10
UV visible albedo for direct radiation
(0 - 1)
aluvp
15
x
x
11
Minimum vertical gradient of refractivity inside trapping layer
m**-1
dndzn
228015
x
12
UV visible albedo for diffuse radiation
(0 - 1)
aluvd
16
x
x
13
Mean vertical gradient of refractivity inside trapping layer
m**-1
dndza
228016
x
14
Near IR albedo for direct radiation
(0 - 1)
alnip
17
x
x
15
Duct base height
m
dctb
228017
x
16
Near IR albedo for diffuse radiation
(0 - 1)
alnid
18
x
x
17
Trapping layer base height
m
tplb
228018
x
18
Trapping layer top height
m
tplt
228019
x
19
Cloud base height
m
cbh
228023
x
20
Zero degree level
m
deg0l
228024
x
21
Instantaneous 10 metre wind gust
m s**-1
i10fg
228029
x
22
Sea-ice cover
(0 - 1)
ci
31
x
x
23
Snow albedo
(0 - 1)
asn
32
x
x
24
Snow density
kg m**-3
rsn
33
x
x
25
Sea surface temperature
K
sst
34
x
x
26
Ice temperature layer 1
K
istl1
35
x
x
27
Ice temperature layer 2
K
istl2
36
x
x
28
Ice temperature layer 3
K
istl3
37
x
x
29
Ice temperature layer 4
K
istl4
38
x
x
30
Volumetric soil water layer 1
m**3 m**-3
swvl1
39
x
x
31
Volumetric soil water layer 2
m**3 m**-3
swvl2
40
x
x
32
Volumetric soil water layer 3
m**3 m**-3
swvl3
41
x
x
33
Volumetric soil water layer 4
m**3 m**-3
swvl4
42
x
x
34
Convective available potential energy
J kg**-1
cape
59
x
x
35
Leaf area index, low vegetation
m**2 m**-2
lai_lv
66
x
x
36
Leaf area index, high vegetation
m**2 m**-2
lai_hv
67
x
x
37
Total column cloud liquid water
kg m**-2
tclw
78
x
x
38
Total column cloud ice water
kg m**-2
tciw
79
x
x
39
Total column supercooled liquid water
kg m**-2
tcslw
228088
x
40
Total column rain water
kg m**-2
tcrw
228089
x
x
41
Total column snow water
kg m**-2
tcsw
228090
x
x
42
Neutral wind at 10 m u-component
m s**-1
u10n
228131
x
x
43
Neutral wind at 10 m v-component
m s**-1
v10n
228132
x
x
44
Surface pressure
Pa
sp
134
x
x
45
Total column water
kg m**-2
tcw
136
x
x
46
Total column water vapour
kg m**-2
tcwv
137
x
x
47
Soil temperature level 1
K
stl1
139
x
x
48
Snow depth
m of water equivalent
sd
141
x
x
49
Charnock
~
chnk
148
x
x
50
Mean sea level pressure
Pa
msl
151
x
x
51
Boundary layer height
m
blh
159
x
x
52
Total cloud cover
(0 - 1)
tcc
164
x
x
53
10 metre U wind component
m s**-1
10u
165
x
x
54
10 metre V wind component
m s**-1
10v
166
x
x
55
2 metre temperature
K
2t
167
x
x
56
2 metre dewpoint temperature
K
2d
168
x
x
57
Soil temperature level 2
K
stl2
170
x
x
58
Soil temperature level 3
K
stl3
183
x
x
59
Low cloud cover
(0 - 1)
lcc
186
x
x
60
Medium cloud cover
(0 - 1)
mcc
187
x
x
61
High cloud cover
(0 - 1)
hcc
188
x
x
62
Skin reservoir content
m of water equivalent
src
198
x
x
63
Total column ozone
kg m**-2
tco3
206
x
x
64
Instantaneous large-scale surface precipitation fraction
(0 - 1)
ilspf
228217
x
65
Convective rain rate
kg m**-2 s**-1
crr
228218
x
66
Large scale rain rate
kg m**-2 s**-1
lsrr
228219
x
67
Convective snowfall rate water equivalent
kg m**-2 s**-1
csfr
228220
x
68
Large scale snowfall rate water equivalent
kg m**-2 s**-1
lssfr
228221
x
69
Instantaneous eastward turbulent surface stress
N m**-2
iews
229
x
x
70
Instantaneous northward turbulent surface stress
N m**-2
inss
230
x
x
71
Instantaneous surface sensible heat flux
W m**-2
ishf
231
x
x
72
Instantaneous moisture flux
kg m**-2 s**-1
ie
232
x
x
73
Skin temperature
K
skt
235
x
x
74
Soil temperature level 4
K
stl4
236
x
x
75
Temperature of snow layer
K
tsn
238
x
x
76
Forecast albedo
(0 - 1)
fal
243
x
x
77
Forecast surface roughness
m
fsr
244
x
x
78
Forecast logarithm of surface roughness for heat
~
flsr
245
x
x
79
100 metre U wind component
m s**-1
100u
228246
x
x
80
100 metre V wind component
m s**-1
100v
228247
x
x
81
Precipitation type
code table (4.201)
ptype
260015*
x
82
K index
K
kx
260121*
x
83
Total totals index
K
totalx
260123*
x
*GRIB2 format
Table 3: stream=oper/mnth/moda, levtype=sfc: surface and single level parameters: accumulations
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
Large-scale precipitation fraction
s
lspf
50
x
2
Downward UV radiation at the surface
J m**-2
uvb
57
x
3
Boundary layer dissipation
J m**-2
bld
145
x
4
Surface sensible heat flux
J m**-2
sshf
146
x
5
Surface latent heat flux
J m**-2
slhf
147
x
6
Surface solar radiation downwards
J m**-2
ssrd
169
x
7
Surface thermal radiation downwards
J m**-2
strd
175
x
8
Surface net solar radiation
J m**-2
ssr
176
x
9
Surface net thermal radiation
J m**-2
str
177
x
10
Top net solar radiation
J m**-2
tsr
178
x
11
Top net thermal radiation
J m**-2
ttr
179
x
12
Eastward turbulent surface stress
N m**-2 s
ewss
180
x
13
Northward turbulent surface stress
N m**-2 s
nsss
181
x
14
Eastward gravity wave surface stress
N m**-2 s
lgws
195
x
15
Northward gravity wave surface stress
N m**-2 s
mgws
196
x
16
Gravity wave dissipation
J m**-2
gwd
197
x
17
Top net solar radiation, clear sky
J m**-2
tsrc
208
x
18
Top net thermal radiation, clear sky
J m**-2
ttrc
209
x
19
Surface net solar radiation, clear sky
J m**-2
ssrc
210
x
20
Surface net thermal radiation, clear sky
J m**-2
strc
211
x
21
TOA incident solar radiation
J m**-2
tisr
212
x
22
Vertically integrated moisture divergence
kg m**-2
vimd
213
x
23
Total sky direct solar radiation at surface
J m**-2
fdir
228021
x
24
Clear-sky direct solar radiation at surface
J m**-2
cdir
228022
x
25
Surface solar radiation downward clear-sky
J m**-2
ssrdc
228129
x
26
Surface thermal radiation downward clear-sky
J m**-2
strdc
228130
x
27
Surface runoff
m
sro
8
x
28
Sub-surface runoff
m
ssro
9
x
29
Snow evaporation
m of water equivalent
es
44
x
30
Snowmelt
m of water equivalent
smlt
45
x
31
Large-scale precipitation
m
lsp
142
x
32
Convective precipitation
m
cp
143
x
33
Snowfall
m of water equivalent
sf
144
x
34
Evaporation
m of water equivalent
e
182
x
35
Runoff
m
ro
205
x
36
Total precipitation
m
tp
228
x
37
Convective snowfall
m of water equivalent
csf
239
x
38
Large-scale snowfall
m of water equivalent
lsf
240
x
39
Potential evaporation
m
pev
228251
x
The data values for accumulations in stream=moda (monthly means of daily means) have been scaled to give units "per day". Thus, the hydrological parameters are in units of "m of water per day" and so they should be multiplied by 1000 to convert to kgm-2day-1 or mmday-1. Energy (turbulent and radiative) and momentum fluxes should be divided by 86400 seconds (24 hours) to convert to the commonly used units of Wm-2 and Nm-2, respectively.
Table 4: stream=oper, levtype=sfc: surface and single level parameters: minimum/maximum
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
10 metre wind gust since previous post-processing
m s**-1
10fg
49
x
2
Maximum temperature at 2 metres since previous post-processing
K
mx2t
201
x
3
Minimum temperature at 2 metres since previous post-processing
K
mn2t
202
x
4
Maximum total precipitation rate since previous post-processing
kg m**-2 s**-1
mxtpr
228226
x
5
Minimum total precipitation rate since previous post-processing
kg m**-2 s**-1
mntpr
228227
x
Table 5: stream=oper/mnth/moda, levtype=sfc: surface and single level parameters: vertical integrals (not available for type=em/es)
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
Vertical integral of mass of atmosphere
kg m**-2
vima
162053
x
x
2
Vertical integral of temperature
K kg m**-2
vit
162054
x
x
3
Vertical integral of kinetic energy
J m**-2
vike
162059
x
x
4
Vertical integral of thermal energy
J m**-2
vithe
162060
x
x
5
Vertical integral of potential+internal energy
J m**-2
vipie
162061
x
x
6
Vertical integral of potential+internal+latent energy
J m**-2
vipile
162062
x
x
7
Vertical integral of total energy
J m**-2
vitoe
162063
x
x
8
Vertical integral of energy conversion
W m**-2
viec
162064
x
x
9
Vertical integral of eastward mass flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
vimae
162065
x
x
10
Vertical integral of northward mass flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
viman
162066
x
x
11
Vertical integral of eastward kinetic energy flux
W m**-1
vikee
162067
x
x
12
Vertical integral of northward kinetic energy flux
W m**-1
viken
162068
x
x
13
Vertical integral of eastward heat flux
W m**-1
vithee
162069
x
x
14
Vertical integral of northward heat flux
W m**-1
vithen
162070
x
x
15
Vertical integral of eastward water vapour flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
viwve
162071
x
x
16
Vertical integral of northward water vapour flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
viwvn
162072
x
x
17
Vertical integral of eastward geopotential flux
W m**-1
vige
162073
x
x
18
Vertical integral of northward geopotential flux
W m**-1
vign
162074
x
x
19
Vertical integral of eastward total energy flux
W m**-1
vitoee
162075
x
x
20
Vertical integral of northward total energy flux
W m**-1
vitoen
162076
x
x
21
Vertical integral of eastward ozone flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
vioze
162077
x
x
22
Vertical integral of northward ozone flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
viozn
162078
x
x
23
Vertical integral of divergence of cloud liquid water flux
kg m**-2 s**-1
vilwd
162079
x
x
24
Vertical integral of divergence of cloud frozen water flux
kg m**-2 s**-1
viiwd
162080
x
x
25
Vertical integral of divergence of mass flux
kg m**-2 s**-1
vimad
162081
x
x
26
Vertical integral of divergence of kinetic energy flux
W m**-2
viked
162082
x
x
27
Vertical integral of divergence of thermal energy flux
W m**-2
vithed
162083
x
x
28
Vertical integral of divergence of moisture flux
kg m**-2 s**-1
viwvd
162084
x
x
29
Vertical integral of divergence of geopotential flux
W m**-2
vigd
162085
x
x
30
Vertical integral of divergence of total energy flux
W m**-2
vitoed
162086
x
x
31
Vertical integral of divergence of ozone flux
kg m**-2 s**-1
viozd
162087
x
x
32
Vertical integral of eastward cloud liquid water flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
vilwe
162088
x
x
33
Vertical integral of northward cloud liquid water flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
vilwn
162089
x
x
34
Vertical integral of eastward cloud frozen water flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
viiwe
162090
x
x
35
Vertical integral of northward cloud frozen water flux
kg m**-1 s**-1
viiwn
162091
x
x
36
Vertical integral of mass tendency
kg m**-2 s**-1
vimat
162092
x
Table 7: stream=mnth, levtype=sfc : monthly mean surface and single level and wave parameters: exceptions from Tables 1-6
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
UV visible albedo for direct radiation
(0 - 1)
aluvp
15
x
no mean
2
UV visible albedo for diffuse radiation
(0 - 1)
aluvd
16
x
no mean
3
Near IR albedo for direct radiation
(0 - 1)
alnip
17
x
no mean
4
Near IR albedo for diffuse radiation
(0 - 1)
alnid
18
x
no mean
5
Magnitude of turbulent surface stress
N m**-2 s
magss
48
x
6
10 metre wind gust since previous post-processing
m s**-1
10fg
49
no mean
7
Maximum temperature at 2 metres since previous post-processing
K
mx2t
201
no mean
8
Minimum temperature at 2 metres since previous post-processing
K
mn2t
202
no mean
9
10 metre wind speed
m s**-1
10si
207
x
x
10
Maximum total precipitation rate since previous post-processing
kg m**-2 s**-1
mxtpr
228226
no mean
11
Minimum total precipitation rate since previous post-processing
kg m**-2 s**-1
mntpr
228227
no mean
12
Altimeter wave height
m
awh
140246
no mean
13
Altimeter corrected wave height
m
acwh
140247
no mean
14
Altimeter range relative correction
~
arrc
140248
no mean
15
2D wave spectra (single)
m**2 s radian**-1
2dfd
140251
no mean
Table 8: stream=oper, levtype=pl: pressure level parameters: instantaneous
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
Potential vorticity
K m**2 kg**-1 s**-1
pv
60
x
x
2
Specific rain water content
kg kg**-1
crwc
75
x
x
3
Specific snow water content
kg kg**-1
cswc
76
x
x
4
Geopotential
m**2 s**-2
z
129
x
x
5
Temperature
K
t
130
x
x
6
U component of wind
m s**-1
u
131
x
x
7
V component of wind
m s**-1
v
132
x
x
8
Specific humidity
kg kg**-1
q
133
x
x
9
Vertical velocity
Pa s**-1
w
135
x
x
10
Vorticity (relative)
s**-1
vo
138
x
x
11
Divergence
s**-1
d
155
x
x
12
Relative humidity
%
r
157
x
x
13
Ozone mass mixing ratio
kg kg**-1
o3
203
x
x
14
Specific cloud liquid water content
kg kg**-1
clwc
246
x
x
15
Specific cloud ice water content
kg kg**-1
ciwc
247
x
x
16
Fraction of cloud cover
(0 - 1)
cc
248
x
x
Table 9: stream=oper, levtype=pt: potential temperature level parameters: instantaneous
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
Montgomery potential
m**2 s**-2
mont
53
x
2
Pressure
Pa
pres
54
x
3
Potential vorticity
K m**2 kg**-1 s**-1
pv
60
x
4
U component of wind
m s**-1
u
131
x
5
V component of wind
m s**-1
v
132
x
6
Specific humidity
kg kg**-1
q
133
x
7
Vorticity (relative)
s**-1
vo
138
x
8
Divergence
s**-1
d
155
x
9
Ozone mass mixing ratio
kg kg**-1
o3
203
x
Table 10: stream=oper, levtype=pv: potential vorticity level parameters: instantaneous
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
Potential temperature
K
pt
3
x
2
Pressure
Pa
pres
54
x
3
Geopotential
m**2 s**-2
z
129
x
4
U component of wind
m s**-1
u
131
x
5
V component of wind
m s**-1
v
132
x
6
Specific humidity
kg kg**-1
q
133
x
7
Ozone mass mixing ratio
kg kg**-1
o3
203
x
Table 11: stream=oper, levtype=ml: model level parameters: instantaneous
count
name
units
shortName
paramId
an
fc
1
Specific rain water content
kg kg**-1
crwc
75
x
x
2
Specific snow water content
kg kg**-1
cswc
76
x
x
3
Eta-coordinate vertical velocity
s**-1
etadot
77
x
x
4
Geopotential*
m**2 s**-2
z
129
x
x
5
Temperature
K
t
130
x
x
6
U component of wind
m s**-1
u
131
x
x
7
V component of wind
m s**-1
v
132
x
x
8
Specific humidity
kg kg**-1
q
133
x
x
9
Vertical velocity
Pa s**-1
w
135
x
x
10
Vorticity (relative)
s**-1
vo
138
x
x
11
Logarithm of surface pressure*
~
lnsp
152
x
x
12
Divergence
s**-1
d
155
x
x
13
Ozone mass mixing ratio
kg kg**-1
o3
203
x
x
14
Specific cloud liquid water content
kg kg**-1
clwc
246
x
x
15
Specific cloud ice water content
kg kg**-1
ciwc
247
x
x
*GRIB2 format
Table 3: stream=oper/mnth/moda, levtype=sfc: surface and single level parameters: accumulations
The data values for accumulations in stream=moda (monthly means of daily means) have been scaled to give units "per day". Thus, the hydrological parameters are in units of "m of water per day" and so they should be multiplied by 1000 to convert to kgm-2day-1 or mmday-1. Energy (turbulent and radiative) and momentum fluxes should be divided by 86400 seconds (24 hours) to convert to the commonly used units of Wm-2 and Nm-2, respectively.
Table 4: stream=oper, levtype=sfc: surface and single level parameters: minimum/maximum
Table 5: stream=oper/mnth/moda, levtype=sfc: surface and single level parameters: vertical integrals (not available for type=em/es)
Table 7: stream=mnth, levtype=sfc : monthly mean surface and single level and wave parameters: exceptions from Tables 1-6
Table 8: stream=oper, levtype=pl: pressure level parameters: instantaneous
Table 9: stream=oper, levtype=pt: potential temperature level parameters: instantaneous
Table 10: stream=oper, levtype=pv: potential vorticity level parameters: instantaneous
Table 11: stream=oper, levtype=ml: model level parameters: instantaneous
16
Fraction of cloud cover
(0 - 1)
cc
248
x
*Only archived on level=1.
Table 12: stream=oper/enda/mnth/moda/edmm/edmo, levtype=ml: model level parameters: mean rates
Satellite Data
The atmospheric composition satellite retrievalsused as input into the CAMS reanalysis are listed below. The following abbreviations are used in Table 1. TC: Total column, TRC: Tropospheric column, PROF: profiles, PC: Partial columns, ColAv: Column average mixing ratio, QR= quality flag given by data providers, SOE: Solar elevation, MODORO: Model orography, PRESS_RL= pressure at bottom of layer, LAT: Latitude.
Table 1: Satellite retrievals of atmospheric composition that were assimilated in the CAMS reanalysis
Parameter | Instrument | Satellite | Product | Period | Data provider/ Version | Blacklist Criteria (i.e. these data are not used) | Averaging kernels used |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O3 | SCIAMACHY | Envisat | TC | 20020803-20120408 | ESA, CCI (BIRA)
| QR>0 SOE<6 | no |
O3 | MIPAS | Envisat | PROF | 20030127- 20040326 20050127-20120331 | ESA, NRT ESA, CCI (KIT) | QR>0 for CCI data | no |
O3 | MLS | Aura | PROF | 20040803-20151231 NRT: | NASA, V4 | QR>0 | no |
O3 | OMI | Aura | TC | KNMI reproc: 20041001-20150531 NRT: | KNMI/NASA, V003 | QR>0 SOE<10 | no |
O3 | GOME-2 | Metop-A | TC | 20070123- NRT: | ESA, CCI (BIRA) | QR>0 SOE<10 | no |
O3 | GOME-2 | Metop-B | TC | 201301- NRT: | ESA, CCI (BIRA) | QR>0 SOE<10 | no |
O3 | SBUV/2 | NOAA-14 | PC 13L | 200407-200609 | NASA, v8.6 | QR>0 SOE<6 MODORO > 1000. and PRESS_RL > 450. | |
O3 | SBUV/2 | NOAA-16 | PC 13L | 200301-200706
| NASA, v8.6 | QR>0 SOE<6 MODORO > 1000. and PRESS_RL > 450. | no |
O3 | SBUV/2 | NOAA-17 | PC 13L | 200301-201108
| NASA, v8.6 | QR>0 SOE<6 MODORO > 1000. and PRESS_RL > 450. | no |
O3 | SBUV/2 | NOAA-18 | PC 13L | 200507-201211
| NASA, v8.6 | QR>0 SOE<6 MODORO > 1000. and PRESS_RL > 450. | no |
O3 | SBUV/2 | NOAA-19 | PC 13L | 200903- NRT: | NASA, v8.6 | QR>0 SOE<6 MODORO > 1000. and PRESS_RL > 450. | no |
CO | MOPITT | Terra (783) | TC | 20020101-20151231 NRT: | NCAR, V6 | LAT>65. LAT< -65 QR>0 Night time data over Greenland | yes |
NO2 | SCIAMACHY | Envisat | TRC | 20030101-20101231 20110101-20120409 | KNMI V1p KNMI V2 | QR>0 SOE<6 LAT>60 LAT< -60 | yes |
NO2 | OMI | Aura | TRC | 20041001-20101231 20110101-20121231 NRT: 20130101 - | KNMI, COl3 KNMI, Domino KNMI NRT | QR>0 SOE<6 LAT>60 LAT< -60 | yes |
NO2 | GOME-2 | Metop-A | TRC | 20070418-20161231 NRT: | AC SAF, GDP4.8 | QR>0 | yes |
NO2 | GOME-2 | Metop-B | TRC | 201301-20161231 NRT: | AC SAF, GDP4.8 | QR>0 | yes |
AOD | AATSR | Envisat | TC | 20021201-20120331 | ESA, CCI (Swansea) | abs(LAT)> 70 | no |
AOD | MODIS | Terra | TC | 20021001-20151231 NRT: | NASA, COl6 | abs(LAT)> 70 | no |
AOD | MODIS | Aqua | TC | 20021001-20151231 NRT: | NASA, Col6 | abs(LAT)> 70 | no |
CO2 | SCIAMACHY | Envisat | ColAv | 20030101-20120324 | ESA CCI (Bremen) | QR>0 | yes |
CO2 | IASI | Metop-A | ColAv | 20070701-20150531 | LMD v8.0 | MODORO > 6000 | yes |
CO2 | IASI | Metop-B | ColAv | ?? | LMD v8.0 | MODORO > 6000 | yes |
CO2 | Tanso | GOSAT | ColAv | 20090601-20131231 | ESA CCI (SRON) | QR>0 | yes |
CH4 | SCIAMACHY | Envisat | ColAv | 20030108-20120408 | ESA CCI (SRON) v7.0 | MODORO > 6000 QR > 0 | yes |
CH4 | IASI | MetoP-A | ColAv | 20070701-20150630 | LMD V8.3 | MODORO > 6000 LAT<-60. and LSMASK = land | yes |
CH4 | IASI | Metop-B | ColAv | ?? | LMD V8.3 | MODORO > 6000 LAT<-60. and LSMASK = land | yes |
CH4 | Tanso | GOSAT | ColAv | 20090601-20131230 | ESA CCI (SRON) | QR > 0 | yes |
Control run
In parallel to the CAMS reanalysis a control run without data assimilation was run that covers the same period as the CAMS reanalysis. This control run uses the same model configuration as the CAMS reanalysis and is made up of 24h long cycling forecasts from 0 UTC. The meteorological initial fields at 0UTC were always taken from the CAMS reanalysis. Comparing the CAMS reanalysis with the control run allows us to identify the impact of the data assimilation.
The control run is available from MARS or WebAPI using expver=gqk3, stream=oper, type=fc.
Guidelines
The following advice is intended to help users understand particular features of the CAMS reanalysis data:
- Users of meteorological data only are advised to use the ERA5 meteorological reanalysis.
Known issues
At the time of writing (2017-10) we are aware of these issues with the CAMS reanalysis:
This list will be updated as we become aware of further issues in the CAMS reanalysis.
How to cite the CAMS Reanalysis
Please acknowledge the use of the CAMS reanalysis as stated in the Copernicus C3S/CAMS License agreement:
"Where the Licensee communicates to the public or distributes or publishes CAMS Information, the Licensee shall inform the recipients of the source of that information by using the following or any similar notice:
Where the Licensee makes or contributes to a publication or distribution containing adapted or modified CAMS Information, the Licensee shall provide the following or any similar notice:
Any such publication or distribution shall state that "neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains."
References
CAMS reanalysis references will be available from the ECMWF e-Library.
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