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This article relates to GRIB edition 2

The purpose of the Product Definition section is to describe the nature of the data contained in the Data section.

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DeterministicEnsemble
Instantaneous01
Interval-based811

So for a product definition, we have two dimensions:

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For examples of instantaneous parameters see: Mean sea level pressure and 2 metre temperature. For an interval-based parameter see: Maximum temperature at 2 metres in the last 24 hours.

To find out more about instantaneous and interval-based parameters, see ERA5 terminology: analysis and forecast; time and steps; instantaneous and accumulated and mean rates and min/max parameters.

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ChemicalDeterministicEnsemble
Instantaneous4041
Interval-based4243

For the meaning of the various Product Definition Template numbers see httphttps://appscodes.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/format/grib2/templates/4/.
You can also click on each entry to see the keys (contents) of the particular template e.g. for template 11, see https://appscodes.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/format/grib2/templates/4/11/.

To view these templates in ecCodes, go to the grib2 definitions directory (this can be found via the "codes_info" command) and look for files named: template.4.*.def
Some of these will include other template files. Let's look at one example of the template numbers 8 and 11:

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