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MAIN VARIABLES |
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Name | Units | Description |
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10m u component of wind | m s-1 | Magnitude of the eastward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface. |
Near-Surface Air Temperature | K | Temperature of the air near the surface. |
Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature | K | Daily maximum near-surface air temperature. |
Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature | K | Daily minimum near-surface air temperature. |
Daily Maximum Near-Surface Wind Speed |
10m v component of windMagnitude of the northward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface. | 10m wind_speed | m s-1 | Magnitude of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near thesurface. |
2m temperature | K | Temperature of the air near the surface. |
Eastward turbulent surface stress | N s m-2 | Eastward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes. |
Evaporation | kg m-2 s-1 | Evaporation rate. It includes conversion to vapor phase from both the liquid and solid phase, i.e., includes sublimation. |
Maximum 2m temperature in the last 24 hours | K | Daily maximum near-surface air temperature. |
Mean precipitation flux | kg m-2 s-1 | Amount of water per unit area and time. |
Mean sea level pressure | Pa | Time average of the air pressure at sea level. |
Minimum 2m temperature in the last 24 hours | K | Daily minimum near-surface air temperature. |
Daily maximum 10m wind speed |
Surface Temperature | K | Temperature at the interface (not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below) between air and sea for open-sea regions. |
Sea Level Pressure | Pa | Time average of the air pressure at sea level. |
Surface Air Pressure | Pa | Pressure of air at the lower boundary of the atmosphere |
Eastward Near-Surface Wind | m s-1 | Magnitude of the eastward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface. |
Northward Near-Surface Wind | m s-1 | Magnitude of the northward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface. |
Near-Surface Wind Speed | m s-1 | Magnitude of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface. |
Near-Surface Relative Humidity |
Near surface relative humidity | % | Amount of moisture in the air near the surface divided by the maximum amount of moisture that could exist in the air at a specific temperature and location. |
Near |
surface specific humidity-Surface Specific Humidity | Dimensionless | Amount of moisture in the air near the surface divided by amount of air plus moist at that location. |
Northward turbulent surface stress | N s m-2 | Northward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes. |
Runoff | Precipitation | kg m-2 s-1 | Amount of water per unit area |
of surface and subsurface liquid water which drains from land.Sea ice fraction | Dimensionless | Area of the sea surface occupied by sea ice. |
Sea ice plus snow amount per unit area of sea ice plus snow ocean portion of the grid cell averaged over the entire ocean portion, including the ice-free fraction. Reported as 0.0 in regions free of sea ice.form of snow precipitating per unit area. |
Evaporation Including Sublimation and Transpiration | kg m-2 s-1 | Evaporation rate. It includes conversion to vapour phase from both the liquid and solid phase, i.e., includes sublimation. |
Atmosphere Water Vapor Content | kg m-2 | Vertically integrated water vapor amount through the atmospheric column. |
Surface Downward Eastward Wind Stress | Pa | Eastward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes. |
Surface Downward Northward Wind Stress | Pa | Northward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes. |
Surface Upward Latent Heat Flux |
Sea ice surface temperature | K | Temperature that exists at the interface of tea sea-ice and the overlying medium which may be air or snow. |
Sea ice thickness | m | Vertical extent of ocean sea ice. |
Sea surface height above geoid | m | Vertical distance between the actual sea surface and a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest. |
Sea surface temperature | K | Temperature of sea water near the surface. |
Skin temperature | K | Temperature at the interface (not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below) between air and sea for open-sea regions. |
Snow depth over sea ice | K | Mean thickness of snow in the ocean portion of the grid cell (averaging over the entire ocean portion, including the snow-free ocean fraction). Reported as 0.0 in regions free of snow-covered sea ice. |
Snowfall | kg m-2 s-1 | Mass of water in the form of snow precipitating per unit area. |
Soil moisture content | kg m-2 | Vertical sum per unit area from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model of water in all phases contained in soil. |
Surface latent heat flux | W m-2 | Flux per unit area of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation including sublimation. Positive when directed upward (negative downward). |
Surface |
pressurePa | Pressure of air at the lower boundary of the atmopshere | Surface sensible heat flux | Upward Sensible Heat Flux | W m-2 | Flux per unit area of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air only. Positive when directed upward (negative downward). |
Surface |
snow amountDownwelling Longwave Radiation | W |
kg Snow amount Radiation inciding on the |
ground, excluding that on the plant or vegetation canopy, surface from the above per unit area. |
Surface |
solar radiation downwardsSurface thermal radiation downwards | W m-2 | Radiation inciding on the surface from the above Upwelling Longwave Radiation | W m-2 |
Radiative shortwave flux of energy downward at the surface. | Longwave radiation from the surface per unit area. |
Surface |
upwelling longwave radiationDownwelling Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 |
Longwave radiation from Radiative shortwave flux of energy downward at the surface |
per unit area upwelling shortwave radiationUpwelling Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 | Shortwave radiation from the surface per unit area. |
TOA |
incident solar radiationIncident Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 | Incident solar radiation at the top of atmosphere |
TOA |
outgoing clear-sky longwave radiationOutgoing Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 |
Longwave Shortwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area |
assuming clear-sky conditions. |
TOA Outgoing Longwave Radiation |
TOA outgoing clear-sky shortwave radiationShortwave Longwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area |
assuming clear-sky conditions. |
TOA Outgoing Shortwave Flux Assuming Clear Sky |
TOA outgoing longwave radiationLongwave Shortwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area assuming clear-sky conditions. |
TOA |
outgoing shortwave radiationOutgoing Longwave Flux Assuming Clear Sky | W m-2 |
Shortwave Longwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area assuming clear-sky conditions. |
Total |
cloud coverCloud Cover Percentage | Dimensionless | Total refers to the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. Cloud cover refers to fraction of horizontal area occupied by clouds. |
CDS parameter name | Units | Long name | Units |
2m temperature | KelvinNear-Surface Kelvin | K | Temperature of the air. |
Eastward |
Maximum 2m temperature in the last 24 hours | Kelvin | Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature | Kelvin |
Minimum 2m temperature in the last 24 hours | Kelvin | Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature | Kelvin |
Skin temperature | Kelvin | Surface Temperature | Kelvin |
Mean sea level pressure | Pa | Sea Level Pressure | Pa |
Surface pressure | Pa | Surface Air Pressure | Pa |
10m u component of wind | m s-1 | Eastward Near-Surface 10m v Magnitude of the eastward component of |
windm s-1 | the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity. |
Northward |
Northward Near-Surface 10m wind speed | m s-1 | Near-Surface Wind Speed | m s-1 |
2m relative humidity | 1 | Near-Surface Relative Humidity | 1 |
2m specific humidity | 1 | Near-Surface Specific Humidity | 1 |
Mean precipitation flux | kg m-2 s-1 | Precipitation | kg m-2 s-1 |
Snowfall | kg m-2 s-1 | Snowfall Flux | kg m-2 s-1 |
Evaporation | kg m-2 s-1 | Evaporation Including Sublimation and Transpiration | kg m-2 s-1 |
Eastward turbulent surface stress | Pa | Surface Downward Eastward Wind Stress | Pa |
Northward turbulent surface stress | Pa | Surface Downward Northward Wind Stress | Pa |
Surface latent heat flux | W m-2 | Surface Upward Latent Heat Flux | W m-2 |
Surface sensible heat flux | W m-2 | Surface Upward Sensible Heat Flux | W m-2 |
Surface thermal radiation downwards | W m-2 | Surface Downwelling Longwave Radiation | W m-2 |
Surface upwelling longwave radiation | W m-2 | Surface Upwelling Longwave Radiation | W m-2 |
Surface solar radiation downwards | W m-2 | Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 |
Surface upwelling shortwave radiation | W m-2 | Surface Upwelling Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 |
TOA incident solar radiation | W m-2 | TOA Incident Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 |
TOA outgoing shortwave radiation | W m-2 | TOA Outgoing Shortwave Radiation | W m-2 |
TOA outgoing longwave radiation | W m-2 | TOA Outgoing Longwave Radiation | W m-2 |
Total cloud cover | 1 | Total Cloud Cover Percentage | 1 |
Air temperature | K | Air Temperature | K |
U-component of wind | m s-1 | Eastward Wind | m s-1 |
V-component of wind | m s-1 | Northward Wind | m s-1 |
Relative humidity | 1 | Relative Humidity | 1 |
Specific humidity | 1 | Specific Humidity | 1 |
Geopotential height | m | Geopotential Height | m |
Surface snow amount | kg m-2 | Magnitude of the northward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity. |
Relative Humidity | % | Amount of moisture in the air divided by the maximum amount of moisture that could exist in the air at a specific temperature and location. |
Specific Humidity | Dimensionless | Amount of moisture in the air divided by amount of air plus moisture at that location. |
Geopotential Height | m | Gravitational potential energy per unit mass normalised by the standard gravity at mean sea level at the same latitude. It is also used as vertical coordinate referenced to Earth's mean sea level since its value is proportional to the elevation above the mean sea level. |
Surface Snow Amount | kg m-2 | Snow |
depthm | amount on the ground, excluding that on the plant or vegetation canopy, per unit area. |
Snow Depth | m | Mean thickness of snow. |
Total Runoff | kg m-2 s-1 |
Total RunoffAmount per unit area of surface and subsurface liquid water which drains from land. |
Surface Runoff Flux | kg m-2 s-1 |
Soil moisture content | kg m-2 | 1The total surface runoff leaving the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell (report as "missing" or 0.0 where the land fraction is 0.). |
Moisture in Upper Portion of Soil Column | kg m-2 |
Sea-ice area percentage | Vertical sum per unit area from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model of water in all phases contained in soil. |
Sea-Ice Area Percentage (Ocean Grid) |
1 | % | Area of the sea surface occupied by sea ice. |
Sea ice thickness | mSea ice plus snow amount | kg m-2 | Vertical extent of ocean sea ice. |
Sea-Ice Mass per Area | kg m-2 |
Sea ice surface temperature | K | Mass per unit area of sea ice plus snow in the ocean portion of the grid cell averaged over the entire ocean portion, including the ice-free fraction. Reported as 0.0 in regions free of sea ice. |
Surface Temperature of Sea Ice | K |
Sea surface temperature | K | Temperature that exists at the interface of tea sea-ice and the overlying medium which may be air or snow. |
Sea Surface Temperature | K |
Sea surface salinity | 1e-3 | Temperature of sea water near the surface. |
Sea Surface Salinity |
1e-3 | Sea surface height above geoid | PSU | Salt concentration close to the ocean's surface. |
mm2 |
Sea Surface Height Above Geoid | m |
Grid-cell area for ocean variables | Vertical distance between the actual sea surface and a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest. |
Grid-Cell Area for Ocean Variables |
*m2Sea area percentage | % | The area of the grid cell in the ocean. The data is time-independent. |
Sea Area Percentage |
*m2Grid-cell area for atmospheric grid variables | The percentage of sea surface in a grid cell. The data is time-independent. |
Grid-Cell Area for Atmospheric Grid Variables |
*m2 | m-2 | The area of the grid cell in the atmosphere. The data is time-independent. |
Capacity of soil to store water (field capacity) | kg m-2 |
Capacity of Soil to Store Water (Field Capacity) |
*Percentage of The total water holding capacity of all the soil in the grid cell |
occupied land (including lakes)% | the land area of the grid cell. |
Percentage of the Grid Cell Occupied by Land (Including Lakes) |
*1Land ice area percentage | The percentage of land or lake surface in a grid cell. The data is time-independent. |
Land Ice Area Percentage |
*1 | % | Fraction of grid cell occupied by "permanent" ice (e.g. glaciers). The data is time-independent. |
Orography | m* | m | The height above the geoid (being 0.0 over the sea). The data is time-independent. |