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This catalogue entry provides daily and monthly global climate projections on single levels data from a large number of experiments, models , members and time periods computed in the framework of sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6).

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  • Historical experiments which cover the period where modern climate observations exist. These experiments show how the GCMs performs for the past climate and can be used as a reference period for comparison with scenario runs for the future. The period covered is typically 1850-2005.
  • Ensemble of climate Climate projection experiments following the combined pathways of Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) and Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP). The SSP scenarios provide different pathways of the future climate forcing. The period covered is typically 2006-2100, some extended RCP experimental data is available from 2100-2300.

In CMIP6, the same experiments were run using different GCMs. In addition, for each model, the same experiment was repeatedly done using slightly different conditions (like initial conditions or different physical parameterisations for instance) producing in that way an ensemble of experiments closely related. this catalogue entry the users will be able to select vertical levels for the 3-dimensional variables and spatial and temporal subsetting of all the available data. This is a new feature of the global climate projection dataset, which relies on compute processes run simultaneously in the ESGF nodes, where the data are originally located.

The data are produced by the participating institutes of the CMIP6 project. 

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DATA DESCRIPTION
Data typeGridded
Horizontal coverageGlobal
Horizontal resolutionFrom 0.125° x 0.125° to 5° x 5° depending on the model
Vertical resolutionVariables are provided either in one single level which may differ among variables.(2-dimensional fields) or in pressure levels (3-dimensional fields)
Temporal coverage1850-2300 (shorter for some experiments)
Temporal resolutionMonthDaily and Monthly
File formatNetCDF


MAIN VARIABLES
NameUnitsDescription
10m u component of windm s-1Magnitude of the eastward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface.
Near-Surface Air Temperature

 K

Temperature of the air near the surface.
Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature

 K

Daily maximum near-surface air temperature.
Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature

 K

Daily minimum near-surface air temperature.
Daily Maximum Near-Surface Wind Speed
10m v component of wind
m s-1
Magnitude of the northward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface.10m wind_speedm s-1Magnitude of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near thesurface.2m temperatureKTemperature of the air near the surface.Eastward turbulent surface stressN s m-2Eastward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes.Evaporationkg m-2 s-1Evaporation rate. It includes conversion to vapor phase from both the liquid and solid phase, i.e., includes sublimation.Maximum 2m temperature in the last 24 hoursKDaily maximum near-surface air temperature.Mean precipitation fluxkg m-2 s-1Amount of water per unit area and time.Mean sea level pressurePaTime average of the air pressure at sea level.Minimum 2m temperature in the last 24 hoursKDaily minimum near-surface air temperature.
Daily maximum 10m wind speed
Surface TemperatureKTemperature at the interface (not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below) between air and sea for open-sea regions.
Sea Level PressurePaTime average of the air pressure at sea level.
Surface Air PressurePaPressure of air at the lower boundary of the atmosphere
Eastward Near-Surface Windm s-1Magnitude of the eastward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface.
Northward Near-Surface Windm s-1Magnitude of the northward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface.
Near-Surface Wind Speedm s-1Magnitude of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity near the surface.
Near-Surface Relative Humidity
Near surface relative humidity
%Amount of moisture in the air near the surface divided by the maximum amount of moisture that could exist in the air at a specific temperature and location.
Near
surface specific humidity
-Surface Specific HumidityDimensionlessAmount of moisture in the air near the surface divided by amount of air plus moist at that location.
Northward turbulent surface stressN s m-2Northward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes.Runoff
Precipitationkg m-2 s-1Amount of water per unit area
of surface and subsurface liquid water which drains from land.
and time.
Snowfall Flux
Sea ice fractionDimensionlessArea of the sea surface occupied by sea ice.Sea ice plus snow amount
kg m-2 s-1Mass
per unit area of sea ice plus snow
of water in the
ocean portion of the grid cell averaged over the entire ocean portion, including the ice-free fraction. Reported as 0.0 in regions free of sea ice.
form of snow precipitating per unit area.
Evaporation Including Sublimation and Transpirationkg m-2 s-1Evaporation rate. It includes conversion to vapour phase from both the liquid and solid phase, i.e., includes sublimation.
Atmosphere Water Vapor Content kg m-2Vertically integrated water vapor amount through the atmospheric column.
Surface Downward Eastward Wind StressPaEastward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes.
Surface Downward Northward Wind StressPaNorthward component of the horizontal drag exerted by the atmosphere on the surface through turbulent processes.
Surface Upward Latent Heat Flux
Sea ice surface temperatureKTemperature that exists at the interface of tea sea-ice and the overlying medium which may be air or snow.Sea ice thicknessmVertical extent of ocean sea ice.Sea surface height above geoidmVertical distance between the actual sea surface and a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest.Sea surface temperatureKTemperature of sea water near the surface.Skin temperatureKTemperature at the interface (not the bulk temperature of the medium above or below) between air and sea for open-sea regions.Snow depth over sea iceKMean thickness of snow in the ocean portion of the grid cell (averaging over the entire ocean portion, including the snow-free ocean fraction). Reported as 0.0 in regions free of snow-covered sea ice.Snowfallkg m-2 s-1Mass of water in the form of snow precipitating per unit area.Soil moisture contentkg m-2Vertical sum per unit area from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model of water in all phases contained in soil.Surface latent heat flux
W m-2Flux per unit area of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation including sublimation. Positive when directed upward (negative downward).
Surface
pressurePaPressure of air at the lower boundary of the atmopshereSurface sensible heat flux
Upward Sensible Heat FluxW m-2Flux per unit area of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air only. Positive when directed upward (negative downward).
Surface
snow amount
Downwelling Longwave RadiationW
kg
m-2
Snow amount
Radiation inciding on the
ground, excluding that on the plant or vegetation canopy,
surface from the above per unit area.
Surface
solar radiation downwardsSurface thermal radiation downwardsW m-2Radiation inciding on the surface from the above
Upwelling Longwave RadiationW m-2
Radiative shortwave flux of energy downward at the surface.
Longwave radiation from the surface per unit area.
Surface
upwelling longwave radiation
Downwelling Shortwave RadiationW m-2
Longwave radiation from
Radiative shortwave flux of energy downward at the surface
per unit area
.
Surface
upwelling shortwave radiation
Upwelling Shortwave RadiationW m-2Shortwave radiation from the surface per unit area.
TOA
incident solar radiation
Incident Shortwave RadiationW m-2Incident solar radiation at the top of atmosphere
TOA
outgoing clear-sky longwave radiation
Outgoing Shortwave RadiationW m-2
Longwave
Shortwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area
assuming clear-sky conditions
.
TOA Outgoing Longwave Radiation
TOA outgoing clear-sky shortwave radiation
W m-2
Shortwave
Longwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area
assuming clear-sky conditions
.
TOA Outgoing Shortwave Flux Assuming Clear Sky
TOA outgoing longwave radiation
W m-2
Longwave
Shortwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area assuming clear-sky conditions.
TOA
outgoing shortwave radiation
Outgoing Longwave Flux Assuming Clear SkyW m-2
Shortwave
Longwave radiation from the top of the atmosphere to space per unit area assuming clear-sky conditions.
Total
cloud cover
Cloud Cover PercentageDimensionlessTotal refers to the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. Cloud cover refers to fraction of horizontal area occupied by clouds.

CDS parameter name

 Units

Long name

 Units

2m temperature

 Kelvin
Near-Surface
Air Temperature

 Kelvin

KTemperature of the air.
Eastward

Maximum 2m temperature in the last 24 hours

 Kelvin

Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature

 Kelvin

Minimum 2m temperature in the last 24 hours 

 Kelvin

Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature

 Kelvin

Skin temperatureKelvinSurface TemperatureKelvinMean sea level pressurePaSea Level PressurePaSurface pressurePaSurface Air PressurePa10m u component of windm s-1Eastward Near-Surface
Windm s-1
10m v
Magnitude of the eastward component of
windm s-1
the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity.
Northward
Northward Near-Surface
Windm s-1
10m wind speedm s-1Near-Surface Wind Speedm s-12m relative humidity1Near-Surface Relative Humidity12m specific humidity1Near-Surface Specific Humidity1Mean precipitation fluxkg m-2 s-1Precipitationkg m-2 s-1Snowfallkg m-2 s-1Snowfall Fluxkg m-2 s-1Evaporationkg m-2 s-1Evaporation Including Sublimation and Transpirationkg m-2 s-1Eastward turbulent surface stressPaSurface Downward Eastward Wind StressPaNorthward turbulent surface stressPaSurface Downward Northward Wind StressPaSurface latent heat fluxW m-2Surface Upward Latent Heat FluxW m-2Surface sensible heat fluxW m-2  Surface Upward Sensible Heat FluxW m-2  Surface thermal radiation downwardsW m-2Surface Downwelling Longwave RadiationW m-2

Surface upwelling longwave radiation

W m-2Surface Upwelling Longwave RadiationW m-2

Surface solar radiation downwards

W m-2Surface Downwelling Shortwave RadiationW m-2

Surface upwelling shortwave radiation

W m-2Surface Upwelling Shortwave RadiationW m-2

TOA incident solar radiation

W m-2TOA Incident Shortwave RadiationW m-2TOA outgoing shortwave radiationW m-2TOA Outgoing Shortwave RadiationW m-2TOA outgoing longwave radiationW m-2TOA Outgoing Longwave RadiationW m-2Total cloud cover1Total Cloud Cover Percentage1Air temperatureKAir TemperatureKU-component of windm s-1Eastward Windm s-1V-component of windm s-1Northward Windm s-1Relative humidity1Relative Humidity1Specific humidity 1Specific Humidity1Geopotential heightmGeopotential HeightmSurface snow amountkg m-2
Magnitude of the northward component of the two-dimensional horizontal air velocity.
Relative Humidity%Amount of moisture in the air divided by the maximum amount of moisture that could exist in the air at a specific temperature and location.
Specific HumidityDimensionlessAmount of moisture in the air divided by amount of air plus moisture at that location.
Geopotential HeightmGravitational potential energy per unit mass normalised by the standard gravity at mean sea level at the same latitude. It is also used as vertical coordinate referenced to Earth's mean sea level since its value is proportional to the elevation above the mean sea level.
Surface Snow Amountkg m-2Snow
depthm
amount on the ground, excluding that on the plant or vegetation canopy, per unit area.
Snow DepthmMean thickness of snow.
Total Runoffkg m-2 s-1
Total Runoff
Amount per unit area of surface and subsurface liquid water which drains from land.
Surface Runoff Fluxkg m-2 s-1
Soil moisture contentkg m-21
The total surface runoff leaving the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell (report as "missing" or 0.0 where the land fraction is 0.).
Moisture in Upper Portion of Soil Columnkg m-2
Sea-ice area percentage
Vertical sum per unit area from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model of water in all phases contained in soil.
Sea-Ice Area Percentage (Ocean Grid)
1
%Area of the sea surface occupied by sea ice.
Sea ice thicknessm
Sea Ice Thicknessm
Sea ice plus snow amountkg m-2
Vertical extent of ocean sea ice.
Sea-Ice Mass per Areakg m-2
Sea ice surface temperatureK
Mass per unit area of sea ice plus snow in the ocean portion of the grid cell averaged over the entire ocean portion, including the ice-free fraction. Reported as 0.0 in regions free of sea ice.
Surface Temperature of Sea IceK
Sea surface temperatureK
Temperature that exists at the interface of tea sea-ice and the overlying medium which may be air or snow.
Sea Surface TemperatureK
Sea surface salinity1e-3
Temperature of sea water near the surface.
Sea Surface Salinity
1e-3Sea surface height above geoid
PSUSalt concentration close to the ocean's surface. 
mm2
Sea Surface Height Above Geoidm
Grid-cell area for ocean variables
Vertical distance between the actual sea surface and a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest.
Grid-Cell Area for Ocean Variables
*
m2
m-2
Sea area percentage%
The area of the grid cell in the ocean. The data is time-independent.
Sea Area Percentage
*m2
%
Grid-cell area for atmospheric grid variables
The percentage of sea surface in a grid cell. The data is time-independent.
Grid-Cell Area for Atmospheric Grid Variables
*
m2
m-2The area of the grid cell in the atmosphere. The data is time-independent.
Capacity of soil to store water (field capacity)kg m-2
Capacity of Soil to Store Water (Field Capacity)
*
kg m-2
Percentage of
The total water holding capacity of all the soil in the grid cell
occupied
divided by
land (including lakes)%
the land area of the grid cell.
Percentage of the Grid Cell Occupied by Land (Including Lakes)
*1
%
Land ice area percentage
The percentage of land or lake surface in a grid cell. The data is time-independent.
Land Ice Area Percentage
*
1
%Fraction of grid cell occupied by "permanent" ice (e.g. glaciers). The data is time-independent.
Orographym
Surface Altitude
*
mThe height above the geoid (being 0.0 over the sea). The data is time-independent.