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(In addition to using grid points, the ECMWF model Integrated Forecasting System (IFS) also uses an additional mathematical concept, spectral space, to represent horizontal space. This concept uses a set of waveswavy basis functions, spherical harmonics, to describe variations in the horizontal. The IFS switches between spectral space and grid point space, in order to perform specific computations.)
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Weather and climate models usually represent time at discrete points, with a spacing that is called the time step. The time step typically varies between a few minutes and half an hour, depending on the model and its configuration.
So called "instantaneous" parameters, in fact, cannot represent variability on time scales smaller than the time stepModel parameters tend to evolve smoothly, for more information see the article "Parameters valid at the specified time".
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