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| Model | JMA-GSM |
|---|---|
| Horizontal resolution and grid | TL159 (approx. 110km) |
| Atmosphere vertical resolution | L60 |
| Top of atmosphere | 0.1hPa |
| Soil levels | 3 |
| Time step | 30 minutes |
2.2 Ocean and cryosphere
| Ocean model | MRI.COM v3 |
|---|---|
| Horizontal resolution | 1ºx0.3º -0.5º on a tripolar grid (See https://ds.data.jma.go.jp/tcc/tcc/products/elnino/move_mricom-g2_doc.html for more information on a tripolar grid) |
| Vertical resolution | L52 + Bottom Boundary Layer (BBL) |
| Time step | 20 minutes |
| Sea ice model | part of MRI.COM v3 |
| Sea ice model resolution | same as ocean model |
| Sea ice model levels | 5 categories + open water |
| Wave model | None |
| Wave model resolution | N/A |
Detailed documentation: Tsujino et al., 2010, H., T. Motoi, I. Ishikawa, M. Hirabara, H. Nakano, G. Yamanaka, T. Yasuda, and H. Ishizaki, 2010: Reference manual for the Meteorological Research Institute Community Ocean Model (MRI.COM) version 3. Technical Reports of the Meteorological Research Institute, 59, 273pp.
3. Initialization and initial condition (IC) perturbations
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Perturbations in +/- pairs: Yes
Detailed documentation: Kobayashi et al., 2015Kobayashi, S., Y. Ota, Y. Harada, A. Ebita, M. Moriya, H. Onoda, K. Onogi, H. Kamahori, C. Kobayashi, H. Endo, K. Miyaoka, and K. Takahashi, 2015: The JRA-55 reanalysis: General specifications and basic characteristics. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 93, 5-48.
3.2 Ocean and cryosphere
| Hindcast | Forecast | |
|---|---|---|
| Ocean initialization | Multivariate Ocean Variational Estimation (MOVE)/MRI.COM Global 2 system (MOVE/MRI.COM-G2) | Multivariate Ocean Variational Estimation (MOVE)/MRI.COM Global 2 system (MOVE/MRI.COM-G2) |
| Ocean IC perturbations | MOVE/MRI-COM-G2 driven by JRA-55 with BGM perturbation | MOVE/MRI-COM-G2 driven by JRA-55 with BGM perturbation |
| Unperturbed control forecast? | None | None |
Detailed documentation: Toyoda et al., 2011T., Y. Fujii, T. Yasuda, N. Usui, T. Iwao, T. Kuragano, and M. Kamachi, 2013: Improved analysis of seasonal-interannual fields using a global ocean data assimilation system. Theor Appl Mech Jpn, 61, 31-48.
4. Model Uncertainties perturbations:
| Model dynamics perturbations | None |
|---|---|
| Model physics perturbations | Stochastically Perturbed Parametrization Tendencies (SPPT) scheme |
If there is a control forecast, is it perturbed? | Yes |
Detailed documentation: Yonehara, H. and M. Ujiie, 2011: A stochastic physics scheme for model uncertainties in the JMA one-week ensemble prediction system. CAS/JSC WGNE Res. Act. Atmos. Ocean Model/WMO, 41, 6.09–6.10.
5. Forecast system and hindcasts
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