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Tabs Container
directionhorizontal
Tabs Page
titleCFortran 90
Code Block
languagecppnone
titlebufr_attributes.cf90
linenumbersfalse
/*
 * !
!Copyright 2005-2015 ECMWF.
 *!
! * This software is licensed under the terms of the Apache Licence Version 2.0
 * !which can be obtained at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
 *!
! * In applying this licence, ECMWF does not waive the privileges and immunities granted to it by
! * virtue of its status as an intergovernmental organisation nor does it submit to any jurisdiction.
 */!
!
/*
! *FOTRAN C90 Implementation: bufr_attributes
 *!
! * Description: how to read attributes of keys in BUFR messages.
 *!
!
program */

#include "eccodes.h"


int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
bufr_attributes
use eccodes
implicit none
integer       FILE* in = NULL;

  :: ifile
integer /* message handle. Required in all the eccodes calls acting on a message.*/
:: iret
integer    codes_handle* h=NULL;

    char* units= NULL;
 :: ibufr
integer  char* unitsPercent= NULL;
    long longVal;
   :: double doubleVal;
i, count=0
integer(kind=4)    size_t values_len=0, desc_len=0, len=0;
:: iVal,conf 
real(kind=8)      int i, err=0;
    int cnt=0;
    char* infile = ":: t2m
character(len=32)   :: units, confUnits 

  call codes_open_file(ifile,'../../data/bufr/syno_multi.bufr";','r')

! the first  in=fopen(infile,"r");
    if (!in) {
        printf("ERROR: unable to open file %s\n", infile);
        return 1;
    }

    /* loop over the messages in the bufr file */
    while ((h = codes_handle_new_from_file(NULL,in,PRODUCT_BUFR,&err)) != NULL || err != CODES_SUCCESS)
    {
        if (h == NULL) {
            printf("Error: unable to create handle for message %d\n",cnt);
            cnt++;
            continue;
        }

        printf("message: %d\n",cnt);

        /* we need to instruct ecCodes to expand the descriptors 
          i.e. unpack the data values */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_set_long(h,"unpack",1),0);

        /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
           We will read the value and all the attributes available for
           the 2m temperature.
        -------------------------------------------------------------------*/ 

        /* get the value as double */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_double(h,"airTemperatureAt2M",&doubleVal),0);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M: %.2f\n",doubleVal);

        /* get the element's codebufr message is loaded from file
! ibufr is the bufr id to be used in subsequent calls
  call codes_bufr_new_from_file(ifile,ibufr,iret)

  do while (iret/=CODES_END_OF_FILE)
    
    ! get and print some keys form the BUFR header 
    write(*,*) 'message: ',count

    ! we need to instruct ecCodes to expand all the descriptors 
    ! i.e. unpack the data values
    call codes_set(ibufr,"unpack",1);

    ! ----------------------------------------------------------------
    !  We will read the value and all the attributes available for
    !  the 2m temperature.
    ! ---------------------------------------------------------------- 
    
    ! get the element's value as as real
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M',t2m);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M:',t2m
   
    ! get the element's code (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->code',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->code:',iVal
   
    ! get the element's units (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->units',units)
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->units:',units
   
    ! get the element's scale (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->scale',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->code:',iVal
   
    ! get the element's reference (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->reference',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->reference:',iVal
   
    ! get the element's width (see BUFR code table B) */
    call    CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->code",&longVal),0codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->width',iVal);
    write(*,*) '   printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->code: %ld\n",longVal);

>width:',iVal
        /* get the element's units (see BUFR code table B) */

        /* get the size and allocate memory*/
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_length(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->units", &len), 0);
        units = (char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char));

        /* get the values*/
        codes_get_string(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->units", units, &len);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->units: %s\n", units);

        /* ! -------------------------------------------------------------------
    !  The 2m temperature data element in this message has an associated 
    !  field: percentConfidence. Its value and attributes can be accessed 
    !  in a similar manner as was shown above for 2m temperature. 
    ! ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 
    ! get the element's scalevalue (seeas BUFR code table B) */as real
        CODES_CHECK(call codes_get_long(hibufr,"'airTemperatureAt2M->scale",&longVal),0)>percentConfidence',conf);
        printf("write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->scale>percentConfidence: %ld\n",longVal);

', conf
   
    ! /* get the element's referencecode (see BUFR code table B) */
    call    CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(hibufr,"'airTemperatureAt2M->reference",&longVal),0)>percentConfidence->code',iVal);
    write(*,*) '   printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->reference: %ld\n",longVal);

airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code:',iVal
   
     /*! get the element's widthunits (see BUFR code table B) */
    call    CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(hibufr,"'airTemperatureAt2M->width",&longVal),0);>percentConfidence->units',confUnits)
    write(*,*) '   printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->width: %ld\n",longVal);

airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units:',confUnits
   
    ! /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
           The 2m temperature data element in this message has an associatedget the element's scale (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->scale',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code:',iVal
   
    ! get the element's reference (see BUFR field:code percentConfidence. Its value and attributes can be accessed table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference:',iVal
   
  in a similar! mannerget asthe waselement's shownwidth above(see forBUFR 2mcode temperature.table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width',iVal);
    -------------------------------------------------------------------*/ 
write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width:',iVal
 
 
    ! release the bufr  /* get the value as long */
   message
    call codes_release(ibufr)

    ! load the next bufr message
    call CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence",&longVal),0);codes_bufr_new_from_file(ifile,ibufr,iret)
    
    count=count+1
  printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence: %ld\n",longVal);

        /* get the element's code (see BUFR code table B) */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code",&longVal),0);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code: %ld\n",longVal);

        /* get the element's units (see BUFR code table B) */

        /* get the size and allocate memory*/
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_length(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units", &len), 0);
        unitsPercent = (char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char));

        /* get the values*/
        codes_get_string(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units", unitsPercent, &len);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units: %s\n", unitsPercent);

        /* get the element's scale
  end do  

! close file  
  call codes_close_file(ifile)
 

end program bufr_attributes

Tabs Page
titlePython
Code Block
languagepython
titlebufr_attributes.py
linenumbersfalse
# Copyright 2005-2015 ECMWF.
#
# This software is licensed under the terms of the Apache Licence Version 2.0
# which can be obtained at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
#
# In applying this licence, ECMWF does not waive the privileges and immunities
# granted to it by virtue of its status as an intergovernmental organisation
# nor does it submit to any jurisdiction.

#
# Python implementation: bufr_attributes
#
# Description: how to read attributes of keys in BUFR messages.
#
#

import traceback
import sys

from eccodes import *

INPUT = '../../data/bufr/syno_multi.bufr'
VERBOSE = 1  # verbose error reporting


def example():

    # open bufr file
    f = open(INPUT)

    cnt = 0

    # define the attributes to be printed (see BUFR code table B) */
    attrs = [
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->scale",&longVal),0);'code',
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->scale: %ld\n",longVal);

'units',
        /* get the element's reference (see BUFR code table B) */'scale',
        'reference',
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference",&longVal),0);'width'
    ]

    printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference: %ld\n",longVal);

# loop for the messages in the file
    while 1:
   /*  get the element's width# (seeget BUFRhandle codefor tablemessage
 B) */
      gid = CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width",&longVal),0);
codes_bufr_new_from_file(f)
        if gid  printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width: %ld\n",longVal);

is None:
        /* free allocated arrays */break

      
  print "message: %s" % cnt

  free(units);
      #  free(unitsPercent);

        /* delete handle */
we need to instruct ecCodes to expand all the descriptors
        # i.e.  codes_handle_delete(h);

  unpack the data values
      cnt++;
  codes_set(gid,  }'unpack', 1)

    fclose(in);
    return 0;
}
Tabs Page
titleFortran 90
Code Block
languagenone
titlebufr_attributes.f90
linenumbersfalse
!
!Copyright 2005-2015 ECMWF.
!
! This software is licensed under the terms of the Apache Licence Version 2.0
!which can be obtained at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
!
! In applying this licence, ECMWF does not waive the privileges and immunities granted to it by
! virtue of its status as an intergovernmental organisation nor does it submit to any jurisdiction.
!
!
! FOTRAN 90 Implementation: bufr_attributes
!
! Description: how to read attributes of keys in BUFR messages.
!
!
program bufr_attributes
use eccodes
implicit none
integer# --------------------------------------------------------------
        # We will read the value and all the attributes available for
        # the 2m temperature.
        # --------------------------------------------------------------
        # get the value
        key = 'airTemperatureAt2M'
        try:
            print '  %s:: ifile
integer   %s' % (key, codes_get(gid, key))
        except CodesInternalError, err:: iret
integer            :: ibufr
integer       print 'Error with key="%s" : %s' % (key, err.msg)

     :: i, count=0
integer(kind=4)    :: iVal,conf 
real(kind=8)       :: t2m
character(len=32)   :: units, confUnits 

  call codes_open_file(ifile,'../../data/bufr/syno_multi.bufr','r')

! the first bufr message is loaded from file
! ibufr is the bufr id to be used in subsequent calls
  call codes_bufr_new_from_file(ifile,ibufr,iret)

  do while (iret/=CODES_END_OF_FILE)
    
    ! get and print some keys form the BUFR header 
    write(*,*) 'message: ',count

    ! we need to instruct ecCodes to expand all the descriptors 
    ! i.e. unpack the data values
    call codes_set(ibufr,"unpack",1);

    ! ------------- # print the values of the attributes of the key. Attributes themselves
        # are keys as well. Their name is constructed like:
        # keyname->attributename
        for attr in attrs:
            key = 'airTemperatureAt2M' + "->" + attr
            try:
                print '  %s: %s' % (key, codes_get(gid, key))
            except CodesInternalError, err:
                print 'Error with key="%s" : %s' % (key, err.msg)

        # ------------------------------------------------------------------
    !    # WeThe will2m readtemperature thedata valueelement andin allthis themessage attributeshas availablean forassociated
    !  the 2m  # field: percentConfidence. Its value and attributes can be accessed
        # in a similar manner as was shown above for 2m temperature.
    !    # ----------------------------------------------------------------- -

    
    !# get the value
 element's value as as real
   key call codes_get(ibufr,= 'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence',t2m);
    write(*,*) '    airTemperatureAt2Mtry:',t2m
   
    ! get the element's code (seeprint BUFR' code table B)
    call %s: %s' % (key, codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->code',iVal);gid, key))
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->code:',iVal
    except CodesInternalError, err:
    !  get the element's units (see BUFR codeprint table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->units',units)
'Error with key="%s" : %s' % (key, err.msg)

    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->units:',units
   
    ! get the element's scale (see BUFR code table B)
 # print the values of the attributes of the key.
        for attr in attrs:
      call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->scale',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->code:',iVal key = 'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence' + "->" + attr
   
     ! get the element's reference (see BUFR code table B)
 try:
         call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->reference',iVal);
       write(*,*)print '  airTemperatureAt2M->reference%s: %s' % (key,iVal
   
 codes_get(gid, key))
     ! get the element's width (see BUFR codeexcept table B)CodesInternalError, err:
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->width',iVal);
      write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->width:',iVal      print 'Error with key="%s" : %s' % (key, err.msg)

        cnt += 1

        # delete handle
    ! -------------------------------------------------------------------    codes_release(gid)

    !# close Thethe 2mfile
 temperature data element in this message has an associated  f.close()


def main():
    try:
        example()
    !except CodesInternalError, fielderr:
 percentConfidence. Its value and attributes can be accessedif VERBOSE:
       !  in a similar manner as was shown above for 2m temperature. 
 traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
        else:
           ! ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
  print >>sys.stderr, err.msg

    ! get the element's value as as realreturn 1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence',conf);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence:', conf
   
    ! get the element's code (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code:',iVal
   
    ! get the element's units (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units',confUnits)
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units:',confUnits
   
    ! get the element's scale (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->scale',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code:',iVal
   
    ! get the element's reference (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference:',iVal
   
    ! get the element's width (see BUFR code table B)
    call codes_get(ibufr,'airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width',iVal);
    write(*,*) '  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width:',iVal
 
 
    ! release the bufr message
    call codes_release(ibufr)

    ! load the next bufr message
    call codes_bufr_new_from_file(ifile,ibufr,iret)
    
    count=count+1
    
  end do  

! close file  
  call codes_close_file(ifile)
 

end program bufr_attributes

Tabs Page
titlePython
sys.exit(main())
Tabs Page
titleC
Code Block
languagecpp
titlebufr_attributes.c
linenumbersfalse
/*
 * Copyright 2005-2015 ECMWF.
 *
 * This software is licensed under the terms of the Apache Licence Version 2.0
 * which can be obtained at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
 *
 * In applying this licence, ECMWF does not waive the privileges and immunities granted to it by
 * virtue of its status as an intergovernmental organisation nor does it submit to any jurisdiction.
 */

/*
 * C Implementation: bufr_attributes
 *
 * Description: how to read attributes of keys in BUFR messages.
 *
 */

#include "eccodes.h"


int main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
    FILE* in = NULL;

    /* message handle. Required in all the eccodes calls acting on a message.*/
    codes_handle* h=NULL;

    char* units= NULL;
    char* unitsPercent= NULL;
    long longVal;
    double doubleVal;
    size_t values_len=0, desc_len=0, len=0;
    int i, err=0;
    int cnt=0;
    char* infile = "../../data/bufr/syno_multi.bufr";

    in=fopen(infile,"r");
    if (!in) {
        printf("ERROR: unable to open file %s\n", infile);
        return 1;
    }

    /* loop over the messages in the bufr file */
    while ((h = codes_handle_new_from_file(NULL,in,PRODUCT_BUFR,&err)) != NULL || err != CODES_SUCCESS)
    {
        if (h == NULL) {
            printf("Error: unable to create handle for message %d\n",cnt);
            cnt++;
            continue;
        }

        printf("message: %d\n",cnt);

        /* we need to instruct ecCodes to expand the descriptors 
          i.e. unpack the data values */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_set_long(h,"unpack",1),0);

        /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
           We will read the value and all the attributes available for
           the 2m temperature.
        -------------------------------------------------------------------*/ 

        /* get the value as double */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_double(h,"airTemperatureAt2M",&doubleVal),0);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M: %.2f\n",doubleVal);

        /* get the element's code (see BUFR code table B) */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->code",&longVal),0);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->code: %ld\n",longVal);
Code Block
languagepython
titlebufr_attributes.py
linenumbersfalse
# Copyright 2005-2015 ECMWF.
#
# This software is licensed under the terms of the Apache Licence Version 2.0
# which can be obtained at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
#
# In applying this licence, ECMWF does not waive the privileges and immunities granted to it by
# virtue of its status as an intergovernmental organisation nor does it submit to any jurisdiction.

#
# Python implementation: bufr_attributes
#
# Description: how to read attributes of keys in BUFR messages.
#
#

import traceback
import sys

from eccodes import *

INPUT='../../data/bufr/syno_multi.bufr'
VERBOSE=1 # verbose error reporting

def example():

    # open bufr file
    f = open(INPUT)

    cnt=0

    # define the attributes to be printed (see BUFR code table B)
    attrs = [
        'code',
        'units',
        'scale',
        'reference',
        'width'
        ]

    # loop for the messages in the file
    while 1:
        # get handle for message
        gid = codes_bufr_new_from_file(f)
        if gid is None: break

        print "message: %s" % cnt

        #/* weget needthe toelement's instructunits ecCodes(see toBUFR expandcode alltable the descriptorsB) */

        # i.e. unpack /* get the data values
        codes_set(gid,'unpack',1)

size and allocate memory*/
        #---------------------------------------------------------------
CODES_CHECK(codes_get_length(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->units", &len), 0);
        units  # We will read the value and all the attributes available for= (char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char));

        /* get the values*/
        # the 2m temperature.
codes_get_string(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->units", units, &len);
        printf("  #---------------------------------------------------------------
airTemperatureAt2M->units: %s\n", units);

        /* #getget the value element's scale (see BUFR code table B) */
        key='airTemperatureAt2M'CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->scale",&longVal),0);
        try:
            print '  %s: %s' % (key,codes_get(gid,key))printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->scale: %ld\n",longVal);

        /* get the element's reference (see BUFR code table B) */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->reference",&longVal),0);
        except CodesInternalError,err:
            print 'Error with key="%s" : %s' % (key,err.msg) printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->reference: %ld\n",longVal);

        #/* printget the values of the attributes of the key. Attributes themselves element's width (see BUFR code table B) */
        CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->width",&longVal),0);
        #printf(" are keys as well. Their name is constructed like:
        # keyname->attributenameairTemperatureAt2M->width: %ld\n",longVal);

        /* --------------------------------------------------------------------
        for attr in attrs:
The 2m temperature data element in this message has    key='airTemperatureAt2M' + "->" + attr
            try:
                print '  %s: %s' % (key,codes_get(gid,key))
an associated 
           field: percentConfidence. Its value and attributes except CodesInternalError,err:
  can be accessed 
           in a similar printmanner 'Erroras with key="%s" : %s' % (key,err.msg) 
was shown above for 2m temperature. 
        #--------------------------------------------------------------------
    */ 

    # The 2m temperature data element/* inget thisthe messagevalue hasas anlong associated*/
        # field: percentConfidence. Its value and attributes can be accessedCODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence",&longVal),0);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence: %ld\n",longVal);

        #/* inget athe similarelement's mannercode as(see wasBUFR showncode abovetable for 2m temperature.B) */
        #-------------------------------------------------------------------CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code",&longVal),0);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->code: %ld\n",longVal);

        #get/* get the value
element's units (see BUFR code table   key='airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence'B) */

        try:
/* get the size and allocate memory*/
      print '  %s: %s' % (key,CODES_CHECK(codes_get(gid,key))_length(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units", &len), 0);
        except CodesInternalError,err:
         unitsPercent = (char*)malloc(len*sizeof(char));

   print 'Error with key="%s" : %s'/* % (key,err.msg) get the values*/
        codes_get_string(h, "airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units",       unitsPercent, &len);
        #printf(" print the values of the attributes of the key.
 airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->units: %s\n", unitsPercent);

        /* get the forelement's attrscale in attrs:
    (see BUFR code table B) */
        key='CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence' + "->" + attr
->scale",&longVal),0);
        printf("  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->scale: %ld\n",longVal);

      try:
  /* get the element's reference (see BUFR code table B) */
    print '  %s: %s' % (key, CODES_CHECK(codes_get(gid,key))
            except CodesInternalError,err:
         _long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference",&longVal),0);
       print 'Errorprintf(" with key="%s" : %s' % (key,err.msg)  airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->reference: %ld\n",longVal);

        cnt+=1

        # delete handle/* get the element's width (see BUFR code table B) */
        codes_release(gid)

CODES_CHECK(codes_get_long(h,"airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width",&longVal),0);
    # close the file
 printf("   f.close()

def main():
airTemperatureAt2M->percentConfidence->width: %ld\n",longVal);


     try:
   /* free allocated arrays */ example()
    except CodesInternalError,err:
        if VERBOSE:
    free(units);
        traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
free(unitsPercent);

        else:
/* delete handle */
         print >>sys.stderr,err.msg

codes_handle_delete(h);

         return 1cnt++;
    }

if  __name__ == "__main__": fclose(in);
    sys.exit(main())return 0;
}