Introduction
Starting from the list of parameters requested in the ITT (see here), a review process on them was carried on, and some modifications were proposed to the different providers to C3S seasonal activity (ECMWF, Met Office, MeteoFrance, DWD and CMCC). Additionally, the original list of parameters was to a certain extent incomplete as it just used GRIB parameter codes to describe the variables, in a context where most of the contributors are currently using (or will do in the near future) netCDF format for their provision to C3S.
Taking all of that into account, a revisited list of parameters to be used by the seasonal forecasting providers has been summarized in the tables below, including some basic information for encoding both in GRIB and netCDF. A more detailed information about the encoding in netCDF will be found in the Guide to NetCDF encoding for C3S seasonal providers.
Already existing data streams from the providers
Due to the current characteristics of the C3S service, in its transition from the Proof-of-Concept phase to the Pre-operational phase, this list needs to be understood as a reference of what should be mandatory in the future provisions of data to C3S. In this sense, comparing the data streams' contents from the providers and what is included in the list of requested variables, some slight differences are tolerated, even they are not desirable.
Requested variables from providers
Static Data
GRIB | netCDF | |||
name | parameter ID | units | CF standard name | canonical units |
Land-sea mask | 172 | (0-1) | land_area_fraction | 1 |
Geopotential | 129 | m2 s-2 | surface_altitude | m |
Surface Fields
Sub-daily data
| GRIB | netCDF | |||
time step | name | parameter ID | units | CF standard name | canonical units |
6h | 2 metre temperature | 167 | K | air_temperature | K |
6h | 2 metre dewpoint temperature | 168 | K | dew_point_temperature | K |
6h | 10 metre U wind component | 165 | m s-1 | x_wind | m s-1 |
6h | 10 metre V wind component | 166 | m s-1 | y_wind | m s-1 |
6h | Mean sea level pressure | 151 | Pa | air_pressure_at_sea_level | Pa |
6h | Total cloud cover | 164 | (0-1) | cloud_area_fraction | 1 |
6h | Soil temperature level 1 | 139 | K | soil_temperature | K |
6h | Sea surface temperature (1) | 34 | K | sea_surface_temperature | K |
6h | Sea ice temperature (1) | 500172 | K | sea_ice_temperature | K |
(1) For GRIB data streams, those variables can be included as a composite field with parameter ID=139
Daily instantaneous data
| GRIB | netCDF | |||
time step | name | parameter ID | units | CF standard name | canonical units |
24h | Sea-ice cover | 31 | (0-1) | sea_ice_area_fraction | 1 |
24h | Volumetric soil water layer 1 (2) | 39 | m3 m-3 | mass_content_of_water_in_soil_layer (2) | kg m-2 |
24h | Volumetric soil water layer 2 (2) | 40 | m3 m-3 | ||
24h | Volumetric soil water layer 3 (2) | 41 | m3 m-3 | ||
24h | Volumetric soil water layer 4 (2) | 42 | m3 m-3 | ||
24h | Snow depth | 141 | m of water equivalent | lwe_thickness_of_surface_snow_amount | m |
24h | Snow density | 33 | kg m-3 | snow_density | kg m-3 |
(2) soil water content should be provided for all native model levels (so 39-42 GRIB parameter IDs just apply to ECMWF/IFS soil model)
Daily time-aggregated data (accumulations, max/min,etc)
| GRIB | netCDF | |||
time step | name | parameter ID | units | CF standard name | canonical units |
24h | Maximum temperature at 2 metres in the last 24 hours | 51 | K | air_temperature | K |
24h | Minimum temperature at 2 metres in the last 24 hours | 52 | K | air_temperature | K |
24h | 10 metre wind gust since previous post-processing | 49 | m s-1 | wind_speed_of_gust | m s-1 |
24h | Large-scale precipitation (3) | 142 | m | lwe_thickness_of_stratiform_precipitation_amount (3) | m |
24h | Convective precipitation (3) | 143 | m | lwe_thickness_of_convective_precipitation_amount (3) | m |
24h | Total precipitation | 228 | m | lwe_thickness_of_precipitation_amount | m |
24h | Snowfall | 144 | m of water equivalent | lwe_thickness_of_snowfall_amount | m |
24h | Surface sensible heat flux | 146 | J m-2 | integral_of_surface_downward_sensible_heat_flux_wrt_time | W s m-2 |
24h | Surface latent heat flux | 147 | J m-2 | integral_of_surface_downward_latent_heat_flux_wrt_time | W s m-2 |
24h | Surface solar radiation downwards | 169 | J m-2 | integral_of_surface_downwelling_shortwave_flux_in_air_wrt_time | W s m-2 |
24h | Surface thermal radiation downwards | 175 | J m-2 | integral_of_surface_downwelling_longwave_flux_in_air_wrt_time | W s m-2 |
24h | Surface net solar radiation | 176 | J m-2 | integral_of_surface_net_downward_shortwave_flux_wrt_time | W s m-2 |
24h | Surface net thermal radiation | 177 | J m-2 | integral_of_surface_net_downward_longwave_flux_wrt_time | W s m-2 |
24h | Top net solar radiation | 178 | J m-2 | integral_of_toa_net_downward_shortwave_flux_wrt_time | W s m-2 |
24h | Top incoming solar radiation | 174089 | J m-2 | integral_of_toa_incoming_shortwave_flux_wrt_time (!) | W s m-2 |
24h | Top net thermal radiation | 179 | J m-2 | integral_of_toa_net_downward_longwave_flux_wrt_time (!) | W s m-2 |
24h | Eastward turbulent surface stress | 180 | N m-2 s | integral_of_surface_downward_eastward_stress_wrt_time | Pa s |
24h | Northward turbulent surface stress | 181 | N m-2 s | integral_of_surface_downward_northward_stress_wrt_time | Pa s |
24h | Evaporation | 182 | m of water equivalent | lwe_thickness_of_water_evaporation_amount | m |
24h | Runoff (4) | 205 | m | runoff_amount (4) | kg m-2 |
24h | Surface runoff | 8 | m | surface_runoff_amount | kg m-2 |
24h | Sub-surface runoff | 9 | m | subsurface_runoff_amount | kg m-2 |
(3) Large-scale and convective precipitation are not required if total precipitation is provided (and viceversa)
(4) Runoff is not required if both surface and sub-surface runoff are provided (and viceversa)
(!) Those names are not included within the list of CF standard_names, but they have been derived from existing standard names (toa_incoming_shortwave_flux, toa_net_downward_longwave_flux) following the Guidelines for Construction of CF Standard Names
NOTES:
- Accumulations in GRIB are made from the beginning of the forecast, while in netCDF they are made accordingly to the description contained in the cell bounds/methods
- In netCDF, cell bounds and methods are also used to appropriately define maximum/minimum, etc.
Pressure Levels Fields
At the following 11 pressure levels (hPa): 925, 850, 700, 500, 400, 300, 200, 100, 50, 30 and 10
| GRIB | netCDF | |||
time step | name | parameter ID | units | CF standard name | canonical units |
12h | Geopotential | 129 | m2 s-2 | geopotential | m2 s-2 |
12h | Temperature | 130 | K | air_temperature | K |
12h | Specific humidity | 133 | kg kg-1 | specific_humidity | 1 |
12h | Vorticity (relative) (*) | 138 | s-1 | atmosphere_relative_vorticity (*) | s-1 |
12h | Divergence (*) | 155 | s-1 | divergence_of_wind (*) | s-1 |
12h | U component of wind | 131 | m s-1 | x_wind | m s-1 |
12h | V component of wind | 132 | m s-1 | y_wind | m s-1 |
(*) Vorticity and divergence are not required if U and V are provided (and viceversa)